A strategy for scaling-up intensive silvopastoral systems in Colombia.
A strategy for scaling-up intensive silvopastoral systems in Colombia.
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DOI：
10.1080/10549811.2013.817338
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Calle, A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Calle, Z.;Murgueitio, E.;Calle, A.
林牧系统可提高牛奶和肉类产量，有助于恢复退化土地的生产力。密集型林牧系统将高密度种植（> 10，000株/公顷）的饲料灌木、树木和牧场结合在一起，形成联合收割机。要扩大这类系统的规模，就需要采取激励措施，以消除财政和知识方面的障碍。在哥伦比亚，扩大卫生和植物检疫措施的战略结合了五个要素。首先，对真实的农场的参与性研究有助于优化不同农业生态系统中的卫生和植物检疫措施，并加强了对研究和同行技术转让开放的试点农场网络。第二，能力建设、培训和推广活动在农民、田间工作者、研究人员、推广人员和决策者中传播卫生和植物检疫措施的原则。第三，试点项目探讨了环境服务付费、技术援助、软贷款和奖金价格等激励措施在推广卫生和植物检疫措施方面的作用。第四，成功的试点项目有助于影响畜牧业和公共政策议程。第五，目前，旨在将卫生和植物检疫措施纳入主流的大型项目正在应用所吸取的经验教训，以实现大规模效益，加强气候变化适应和减缓，并将卫生和植物检疫措施产品引入绿色市场。最近，创新网络有助于加快卫生和植物检疫措施在不同环境和社会经济背景下的适应。
Silvopastoral systems (SPS) enhance milk and meat production and are instrumental for the productive rehabilitation of degraded lands. Intensive silvopastoral systems (ISPS) combine fodder shrubs planted at high densities (>10,000 plants ha-1), trees and pastures. Scaling-up such systems requires incentives to address financial and knowledge barriers. In Colombia, the strategy for scaling-up SPS has combined five elements. First, participatory research on real farms contributed to optimize SPS in different agroecosystems and strengthened a network of pilot farms open to research and peer-to-peer technology transfer. Second, capacity building, training, and outreach activities spread the principles of SPS among farmers, field workers, researchers, extension workers, and policy makers. Third, pilot projects explored the role of incentives such as Payment for Environmental Services (PES), technical assistance, soft loans and bonus prices, in spreading SPS. Fourth, successful pilot projects were instrumental in influencing the livestock sector as well as the public policy agenda. Fifth, currently, large-scale projects aimed at mainstreaming SPS are applying the lessons learned in order to achieve landscape-scale benefits, enhance climate change adaptation and mitigation, and introduce SPS products to green markets. Recently, innovation networks have contributed to speed up the adaptation of SPS in different environmental and socioeconomic contexts.