Total-factor water efficiency of regions in China
Total-factor water efficiency of regions in China
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DOI：
10.1016/j.resourpol.2007.02.001
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发表时间：
2006-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
10.2
通讯作者：
Yeh, Fang-Yu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hu, Jin-Li;Wang, Shih-Chuan;Yeh, Fang-Yu
中国水资源有限且分布不均，人均水资源占有量仅为世界平均水平的四分之一左右。然而，水是人民生活和经济发展的重要资源。在过去的二十年里，中国已经看到了其快速经济增长的成果;然而，在这种繁荣景象的背后，严重的水资源短缺正在变得更加严重。有效的供水对人类的可持续发展当然是必不可少的。本文分析了水效率，包括水作为一种投入，以及使用传统的投入，如劳动力就业和资本存量。通过数据包络分析（DEA）构建以水为输入的生产前沿面，建立了水调节目标比（WATR）指标。区域的用水效率是从一个全因素框架中获得的，包括居民用水和生产用水。我国各地区全要素用水效率与人均真实的收入之间呈U型关系。中部地区的用水效率排名最差，其用水调节总量约占全国总量的四分之三。中部地区需要采用更有效的生产工艺和先进技术，以提高用水效率，特别是生产用水效率。(c)2007爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Water is a limited and unevenly distributed resource in China, with the per capita amount of water resource there only about one-fourth of the world's average. However, water is an essential resource for people's lives and economic development. Over the past two decades China has seen the fruit of its rapid economic growth; nevertheless, a severe water shortage is behind this prosperous scenario and is becoming worse. Efficient water supply is certainly essential for the sustainable development of human beings. This paper analyzes water efficiency by incorporating water as an input as well as using conventional inputs such as labor employment and capital stock. An index of a water adjustment target ratio (WATR) is established from the production frontier constructed by data envelopment analysis (DEA) including water as an input. The water efficiency of regions is obtained from a total-factor framework with both residential and productive water use. A U-shape relation is discovered between the total-factor water efficiency and per capita real income among areas in China. The central area has the worst water efficiency ranking and the total adjustment amount of water used there is around three-fourths of China's total. More efficient production processes and advanced technologies need to be adopted in the central area to improve its water efficiency, especially for its productive use of water. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.