Recent pre-harvest supplementation strategies to reduce carriage and shedding of zoonotic enteric bacterial pathogens in food animals
Recent pre-harvest supplementation strategies to reduce carriage and shedding of zoonotic enteric bacterial pathogens in food animals
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最近的收获前补充策略，以减少食用动物中人畜共患肠道细菌病原体的携带和脱落
DOI：
10.1079/ahrr200462
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发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
D. Nisbet
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Callaway;Robin C. Anderson;T. Edrington;K. Genovese;R. Harvey;T. Poole;D. Nisbet
每年有超过7600万的北美人死于食源性细菌性疾病。其中许多疾病是由动物源性食品引起的。屠宰和加工厂在减少屠宰后和进一步加工过程中的细菌污染方面做得非常出色，但食源性疾病仍然以不可接受的频率发生。因此，必须扩大对病原菌的作用窗口。攻击农场或饲养场中的病原体将改善食品安全，一直到消费者的餐桌。由于收获前干预策略可以提供整体食品安全的潜在改善，目前正在研究广泛的屠宰前干预策略。潜在的干预措施包括直接抗病原体策略、竞争增强策略和动物管理策略。这些策略包括竞争性排斥、益生菌、益生元、抗生素、抗菌蛋白、疫苗接种、噬菌体、饮食和水槽干预。平行和同时应用一种或多种屠宰前策略有可能通过设置多个障碍，从而防止病原体进入食物链，从而协同减少人类食源性疾病的发生率。这篇综述强调了大肠杆菌O157：H7的工作，以说明各种策略。
Abstract Food-borne bacterial illnesses strike more than 76 million North Americans each year. Many of these illnesses are caused by animal-derived foodstuffs. Slaughter and processing plants do an outstanding job in reducing bacterial contamination after slaughter and during further processing, yet food-borne illnesses still occur at an unacceptable frequency. Thus, it is imperative to widen the window of action against pathogenic bacteria. Attacking pathogens on the farm or in the feedlot will improve food safety all the way to the consumer’s fork. Because of the potential improvement in overall food safety that pre-harvest intervention strategies can provide, a broad range of preslaughter intervention strategies are currently under investigation. Potential interventions include direct anti-pathogen strategies, competitive enhancement strategies and animal management strategies. Included in these strategies are competitive exclusion, probiotics, prebiotics, antibiotics, antibacterial proteins, vaccination, bacteriophage, diet, and water trough interventions. The parallel and simultaneous application of one or more preslaughter strategies has the potential to synergistically reduce the incidence of human food-borne illnesses by erecting multiple hurdles, thus preventing entry of pathogens into the food chain. This review emphasizes work with Escherichia coli O157:H7 to illustrate the various strategies.