Interpersonal dysfunction in depressed women: impairments independent of depressive symptoms
Interpersonal dysfunction in depressed women: impairments independent of depressive symptoms
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DOI：
10.1016/s0165-0327(01)00455-4
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发表时间：
2002-11-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Brennan, PA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hammen, C;Brennan, PA
背景：该研究探讨了抑郁女性人际关系障碍的普遍性，并检查了她们对当前抑郁发作或症状的独立程度。方法：812 名曾经患有抑郁症、目前患有抑郁症或患有抑郁症的社区妇女。对从未抑郁过的人的各种人际行为和信念指标进行了比较。还从他们的配偶、青少年子女和评估者那里获得了信息。当前可能影响社会功能的抑郁情绪和社会人口因素得到控制。结果：与人际关系困难不仅仅是抑郁症状的后果这一假设相一致，以前患有抑郁症但目前没有抑郁症的女性在几乎所有指标上都比从未抑郁过的女性受到的损害更大。他们婚姻稳定的可能性较低，婚姻满意度较差，遭受更多配偶胁迫和身体伤害，与孩子、朋友和大家庭的关系存在更多问题，存在更多涉及人际和冲突内容的压力生活事件，并且对其他人的信念更加没有安全感。他们的配偶和男朋友也报告了更多的问题，而且他们自己更有可能患有可诊断的疾病。然而，这些群体的孩子对母亲的温暖或敌意的看法没有差异。局限性：横断面设计排除了关于人际障碍和抑郁症之间关系的因果方向的结论。由于临床抑郁症通常会出现标准诊断仪器无法捕捉到的阈下症状，因此这些症状很难从先前或共存的人际关系问题中辨别出来。仅对女性进行了研究。结论：人际关系障碍是抑郁症的一个稳定特征，对治疗来说是一个重大挑战，并且可能反映了抑郁经历发作和复发的潜在脆弱性。 (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. 保留所有权利。
Background: The study explored the generality of interpersonal impairments in depressed women and examined the extent of their independence of current depressive episodes or symptoms. Methods: 812 community women who were formerly depressed, currently depressed, or. never depressed were compared on a variety of indices of interpersonal behavior and beliefs. Information was also obtained from their spouses, adolescent children, and raters. Current depressive mood and sociodemographic factors that might affect social functioning were controlled. Results: Consistent with the hypotheses that interpersonal difficulties are not just consequences of depressive symptoms, formerly but not currently depressed women were significantly more impaired than never-depressed women on nearly all measures. They were less likely to be stably married, had poorer marital satisfaction, reported more spouse coercion and physical injury, had more problematic relationships with their child, friends, and extended family, reported more stressful life events with interpersonal and conflict content, and were more insecure in their beliefs about other people. Their spouses and boyfriends also reported more problems, and were themselves more likely to have diagnosable disorders. However, the groups did not differ in their children's perceptions of maternal warmth or hostility. Limitations: The cross-sectional design precluded conclusions about the causal direction of the relationship between interpersonal impairment and depressive disorder. Since clinical depression is more often than not followed by subthreshold symptoms that are not captured by standard diagnostic instruments, such symptoms are not easily discernable from preceding or co-existing interpersonal problems. Only women were studied. Conclusions: Interpersonal impairment is a stable feature of depression, a significant challenge to treatment, and may reflect underlying vulnerability to the onset, and recurrence, of depressive experiences. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.