Nano‐Sized Transition‐Metal Oxides as Negative‐Electrode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries.
Nano‐Sized Transition‐Metal Oxides as Negative‐Electrode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries.
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DOI：
10.1002/chin.200103013
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发表时间：
2001-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Poizot;S. Laruelle;S. Grugeon;L. Dupont;J. Tarascon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Poizot;S. Laruelle;S. Grugeon;L. Dupont;J. Tarascon
长期以来，可充电固态电池一直被认为是广泛应用的有吸引力的电源，特别是锂离子电池正在成为便携式电子产品的首选技术。设计这些电池的主要挑战之一是确保电极在多次充放电循环中保持完整性。虽然最近提出了有前途的电极系统，，，，，，，，但它们的寿命受到锂合金团聚或钝化层生长的限制，这阻止了锂离子完全可逆地插入负极。在这里，我们报告了由过渡金属氧化物纳米颗粒（MO，其中M是Co， Ni， Cu或Fe）制成的电极显示出700 mA h g-1的电化学容量，高达100次循环的100%容量保持率和高充电率。Li反应性的机制不同于经典的Li插入/脱插入或Li合金化过程，它涉及Li2O的形成和分解，分别伴随着金属纳米颗粒（在1-5纳米范围内）的还原和氧化。我们期望使用过渡金属纳米颗粒来增强表面电化学反应性将导致锂离子电池性能的进一步改善。
Rechargeable solid-state batteries have long been considered an attractive power source for a wide variety of applications, and in particular, lithium-ion batteries are emerging as the technology of choice for portable electronics. One of the main challenges in the design of these batteries is to ensure that the electrodes maintain their integrity over many discharge–recharge cycles. Although promising electrode systems have recently been proposed,,,,,,, their lifespans are limited by Li-alloying agglomeration or the growth of passivation layers, which prevent the fully reversible insertion of Li ions into the negative electrodes. Here we report that electrodes made of nanoparticles of transition-metal oxides (MO, where M is Co, Ni, Cu or Fe) demonstrate electrochemical capacities of 700 mA h g-1, with 100% capacity retention for up to 100 cycles and high recharging rates. The mechanism of Li reactivity differs from the classical Li insertion/deinsertion or Li-alloying processes, and involves the formation and decomposition of Li2O, accompanying the reduction and oxidation of metal nanoparticles (in the range 1–5 nanometres) respectively. We expect that the use of transition-metal nanoparticles to enhance surface electrochemical reactivity will lead to further improvements in the performance of lithium-ion batteries.