Molecular regulation of autophagosome formation.
Molecular regulation of autophagosome formation.
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DOI：
10.1042/bst20210819
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发表时间：
2022-02-28
影响因子：
3.9
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中科院分区：
文献类型：
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自噬是真核生物中保守的一种降解过程，对维持细胞内环境的稳定至关重要。自噬缺陷导致许多人类疾病，包括各种类型的癌症和神经退行性疾病。自噬的标志是自噬体的重新形成，自噬体是双膜囊泡，其隔离并将细胞质物质递送至溶酶体/空泡以进行降解。随着自噬相关蛋白的发现，自噬体的发生机制进入了分子水平。虽然有许多未回答的问题和方面引起了一些争议，但近年来我们对自噬过程的理解取得了巨大进展。在这篇综述中，我们描述了目前的知识有关的分子调控的自噬体形成，特别关注芽殖酵母和哺乳动物细胞。
Macroautophagy, hereafter autophagy, is a degradative process conserved among eukaryotes, which is essential to maintain cellular homeostasis. Defects in autophagy lead to numerous human diseases, including various types of cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. The hallmark of autophagy is the de novo formation of autophagosomes, which are double-membrane vesicles that sequester and deliver cytoplasmic materials to lysosomes/vacuoles for degradation. The mechanism of autophagosome biogenesis entered a molecular era with the identification of autophagy-related (ATG) proteins. Although there are many unanswered questions and aspects that have raised some controversies, enormous advances have been done in our understanding of the process of autophagy in recent years. In this review, we describe the current knowledge about the molecular regulation of autophagosome formation, with a particular focus on budding yeast and mammalian cells.