Expression patterns of anoctamin 1 and anoctamin 2 chloride channels in the mammalian nose
Expression patterns of anoctamin 1 and anoctamin 2 chloride channels in the mammalian nose
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DOI：
10.1007/s00441-012-1324-9
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发表时间：
2012-02-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Moehrlen, Frank
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dauner, Kristin;Lissmann, Judith;Moehrlen, Frank
钙激活的氯离子通道在鼻的化学感觉神经元中表达，并有助于分泌过程和感觉信号转导。这些通道被认为是anoctamins（别名：TMEM 16蛋白）家族的成员，其通过微摩尔浓度的细胞内Ca 2+打开。两个家族成员ANO 1（TMEM16A）和ANO 2（TMEM16B）在鼻的各种感觉和呼吸组织中表达。我们已经研究了这些通道的组织特异性和亚细胞定位在鼻呼吸上皮和鼻子的五个化学感受器官：主要的嗅觉上皮，隔器官的马塞拉，犁鼻器，Grueneberg神经节和三叉神经系统。我们已经发现，这两个渠道显示出相互排斥的表达模式。ANO 1存在于各种分泌上皮的顶膜中，其中它与水通道水通道蛋白5共定位。在腺泡细胞和上皮下腺的导管细胞以及感觉上皮的支持细胞中也检测到。与此相反，ANO 2的表达仅限于化学感觉神经元中，它已被检测到在微绒毛和纤毛表面结构。ANO 1和ANO 2在嗅觉、犁鼻和呼吸道上皮中的表达模式不同。在Grueneberg神经节或三叉神经感觉纤维中未检测到表达。在此差异表达的基础上，我们推导出ANO 1和ANO 2氯离子通道在鼻中的主要功能特征，并提出它们在鼻生理学中的意义。
Calcium-activated chloride channels are expressed in chemosensory neurons of the nose and contribute to secretory processes and sensory signal transduction. These channels are thought to be members of the family of anoctamins (alternative name: TMEM16 proteins), which are opened by micromolar concentrations of intracellular Ca2+. Two family members, ANO 1 (TMEM16A) and ANO 2 (TMEM16B), are expressed in the various sensory and respiratory tissues of the nose. We have examined the tissue specificity and sub-cellular localization of these channels in the nasal respiratory epithelium and in the five chemosensory organs of the nose: the main olfactory epithelium, the septal organ of Masera, the vomeronasal organ, the Grueneberg ganglion and the trigeminal system. We have found that the two channels show mutually exclusive expression patterns. ANO 1 is present in the apical membranes of various secretory epithelia in which it is co-localized with the water channel aquaporin 5. It has also been detected in acinar cells and duct cells of subepithelial glands and in the supporting cells of sensory epithelia. In contrast, ANO 2 expression is restricted to chemosensory neurons in which it has been detected in microvillar and ciliary surface structures. The different expression patterns of ANO 1 and ANO 2 have been observed in the olfactory, vomeronasal and respiratory epithelia. No expression has been detected in the Grueneberg ganglion or trigeminal sensory fibers. On the basis of this differential expression, we derive the main functional features of ANO 1 and ANO 2 chloride channels in the nose and suggest their significance for nasal physiology.