"Sweet death": Fructose as a metabolic toxin that targets the gut-liver axis.
"Sweet death": Fructose as a metabolic toxin that targets the gut-liver axis.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cmet.2021.09.004
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发表时间：
2021-12-07
期刊：
影响因子：
29
通讯作者：
Karin M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Febbraio MA;Karin M
葡萄糖和果糖是密切相关的单糖，但果糖与代谢疾病的关系更密切。直到20世纪60年代，果糖的主要膳食来源是水果，但随后，高果糖玉米糖浆（HFCS）成为西方饮食的主要成分。HFCS消费的指数增长与肥胖和2型糖尿病发病率的增加相关，但这些代谢疾病与果糖之间的机制联系仍然很脆弱。虽然饮食中的果糖被认为只在肝脏中代谢，但有证据表明它也在小肠中代谢，并导致肠上皮屏障恶化。沿着遗传性果糖不耐受的临床表现，提示沿着果糖对肝脏代谢的直接影响，肠-肝轴在果糖代谢和病理中起着关键作用。在这里，我们总结了果糖生物学和病理学的最新研究，并讨论了预防和治疗与高果糖消费相关的疾病的新机会。
Glucose and fructose are closely related simple sugars, but fructose has been associated more closely with metabolic disease. Until the 1960s, the major dietary source of fructose was fruit, but subsequently, high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) became a dominant component of the Western diet. The exponential increase in HFCS consumption correlates with the increased incidence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus, but the mechanistic link between these metabolic diseases and fructose remains tenuous. Although dietary fructose was thought to be metabolized exclusively in the liver, evidence has emerged that it is also metabolized in the small intestine and leads to intestinal epithelial barrier deterioration. Along with the clinical manifestations of hereditary fructose intolerance, these findings suggest that, along with the direct effect of fructose on liver metabolism, the gut-liver axis plays a key role in fructose metabolism and pathology. Here, we summarize recent studies on fructose biology and pathology and discuss new opportunities for prevention and treatment of diseases associated with high-fructose consumption.
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