A Third Millennium Levantine Pottery Production Center: Typology, Petrography, and Provenance of the Metallic Ware of Northern Israel and Adjacent Regions
A Third Millennium Levantine Pottery Production Center: Typology, Petrography, and Provenance of the Metallic Ware of Northern Israel and Adjacent Regions
复制标题
第三个千年黎凡特陶器生产中心：以色列北部及邻近地区金属器皿的类型学、岩石学和来源
DOI：
10.2307/1357293
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发表时间：
1996
影响因子：
0.8
通讯作者：
N. Porat
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Greenberg;N. Porat
虽然长期以来被认为是迦南北部EB II-III的标志，但金属器皿(有时称为阿比多斯器皿，梳器)一直难以系统地描述。金属器皿以其高度烧制的面料定义，包括各种家用形式，不包括烹饪锅。它广泛分布在南部的TaʿAnakh和北部的提尔之间，以及从东部的Khirbet ez-Zerqun到地中海海岸。无论在哪里发现，它都表现出类型学、年代学(EB II中的花裙，EB III中的衰落)和面料的统一。对来自8个地点的碎片进行了岩石学分析，揭示了类似的地质来源：主要出露在黎巴嫩赫蒙地块和北部的下白垩统地层。鉴于金属器皿与当代迦南陶器的风格相似，建议在以约旦河谷上游为中心的作坊生产金属器皿，并从那里大量分发到远至100公里的地点。它的分布模式反映了迦南北部和邻近地区EB II的高度一体化，也许是集中式的经济。
Although long considered a hallmark of the EB II-III of northern Canaan, Metallic Ware (sometimes termed Abydos Ware, Combed Ware) has eluded systematic characterization. Defined by its highly fired fabric, Metallic Ware comprises a full range of household forms, excluding cooking pots. It is widely distributed between Taʿanakh in the south and Tyre in the north, and from Khirbet ez-Zeraqun in the east to the Mediterranean coast. Wherever found, it exhibits a unity of typology, chronology (floruit in EB II, decline in EB III), and fabric. Sherds from eight sites were analyzed petrographically, revealing a similar geological provenance: Lower Cretaceous formations that crop out mainly in the Hermon massif and north, in Lebanon. In view of its stylistic affinity to contemporary Canaanite pottery, it is proposed that Metallic Ware was produced in workshops centered around the upper Jordan Valley and distributed from there, in large quantities, to sites as far away as 100 km. Its pattern of distribution reflects a highly integrated, perhaps centralized, economy in EB II in northern Canaan and adjacent regions.