Carbohydrate and glutamine supplementation modulates the Th1/Th2 balance after exercise performed at a simulated altitude of 4500 m
Carbohydrate and glutamine supplementation modulates the Th1/Th2 balance after exercise performed at a simulated altitude of 4500 m
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DOI：
10.1016/j.nut.2014.03.019
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发表时间：
2014-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
dos Santos, Ronaldo V. T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Caris, Aline V.;Lira, Fabio S.;dos Santos, Ronaldo V. T.
目的：本研究的目的是评估在4500米模拟缺氧条件下运动后，补充碳水化合物或谷氨酰胺或两者结合对免疫系统和炎症参数的影响。方法：9名男性在70% VO2（峰值）下进行3次运动，直到精疲力竭：1)使用安慰剂进行低氧；2)运动时和运动后用8%麦芽糖糊精（200 mL/20 min）缺氧2 h；3)运动期间补充谷氨酰胺（20 g/d）和补充8%麦芽糖糊精（200 mL/20 min） 6 d后及运动后2 h缺氧。所有试验均为随机双盲。分别在休息时、运动前、运动结束后和恢复后2小时采集血液。测定血清中谷氨酰胺、皮质醇、细胞因子、葡萄糖、热休克蛋白-70、促红细胞生成素，测定淋巴细胞细胞因子的产生。结果：低氧组运动后红细胞生成素和白细胞介素-6较基线升高。低氧组IL-6高于运动前、运动后及恢复后2 h。皮质醇没有变化，而与基线和运动前相比，三组的葡萄糖在运动后升高。与基线相比，低氧+碳水化合物+谷氨酰胺组运动后谷氨酰胺升高。在低氧碳水化合物组中，热休克蛋白-70在运动后与基线相比增加，在运动前与运动前相比增加，在恢复后与运动前相比增加。淋巴细胞中IL-2和IL-6的产生无差异。IL-4在补充组降低。结论：在模拟海拔4500米运动后，补充碳水化合物或谷氨酰胺可使辅助性T (Th)1/Th2平衡向Th1反应转变。营养策略增加了IL-6，表明其具有重要的抗炎作用。(C) 2014爱思唯尔公司版权所有。
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of carbohydrate or glutamine supplementation, or a combination of the two, on the immune system and inflammatory parameters after exercise in simulated hypoxic conditions at 4500 m.Methods: Nine men underwent three sessions of exercise at 70% VO2(peak) until exhaustion as follows: 1) hypoxia with a placebo; 2) hypoxia with 8% maltodextrin (200 mL/20 min) during exercise and for 2 h after; and 3) hypoxia after 6 d of glutamine supplementation (20 g/d) and supplementation with 8% maltodextrin (200 mL/20 min) during exercise and for 2 h after. All procedures were randomized and double blind. Blood was collected at rest, immediately before exercise, after the completion of exercise, and 2 h after recovery. Glutamine, cortisol, cytokines, glucose, heat shock protein-70, and erythropoietin were measured in serum, and the cytokine production from lymphocytes was measured.Results: Erythropoietin and interleukin (IL)-6 increased after exercise in the hypoxia group compared with baseline. IL-6 was higher in the hypoxia group than pre-exercise after exercise and after 2 h recovery. Cortisol did not change, whereas glucose was elevated post-exercise in the three groups compared with baseline and pre-exercise. Glutamine increased in the hypoxia + carbohydrate + glutamine group after exercise compared with baseline. Heat shock protein-70 increased post-exercise compared with baseline and pre-exercise and after recovery compared with pre-exercise, in the hypoxia carbohydrate group. No difference was observed in IL-2 and IL-6 production from lymphocytes. IL-4 was reduced in the supplemented groups.Conclusion: Carbohydrate or glutamine supplementation shifts the T helper (Th)1/Th2 balance toward Th1 responses after exercise at a simulated altitude of 4500 m. The nutritional strategies increased in IL-6, suggesting an important anti-inflammatory effect. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.