Dispersive temporal interferometry towards single-shot probing ultrashort time signal with attosecond resolution
Dispersive temporal interferometry towards single-shot probing ultrashort time signal with attosecond resolution
复制标题
用于阿秒分辨率单次探测超短时间信号的色散时间干涉测量
DOI：
10.1002/adpr.202100303
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Li Zhan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tianhao Xian;Wenchao Wang;Li Zhan
随着物理化学中超快动力学研究的深入，超短时间变化的单次激发测量变得越来越重要。最先进的时间透镜示波器具有亚皮秒的分辨率，而干涉仪可以在一个光周期内单次探测时间事件。然而，单次测量超出光学周期但小于时间透镜分辨率的时间差仍然是无法实现的。本文报道了一种利用色散时间干涉仪(DTI)来突破干涉仪和时间透镜之间的鸿沟进行单次时间测量的方法。该概念类似于空间干涉：一个脉冲通过两条路径组装成一个脉冲对，在大的色散后产生时间干涉，可以单次记录施加的时间变化。实验测得，在大于2 ps(0.004光周)的范围内，其分辨率小于20 As(400光周)，距离分辨率为105，采样率为42.8MHz.此外，还制作了灵敏度为348 As/(Deg S−1)的DTI陀螺仪，以展示其在光学传感器中的应用。该技术能够精确监测阿秒分辨率的超短时间变化，在捕捉超快过程方面具有广阔的应用前景。
With the intensive research on ultrafast dynamics in physics and chemistry, the single‐shot measurement of ultrashort time change has become increasingly important. The most advanced oscilloscope with the time‐lens technique possesses subpicosecond resolution, while the interferometer can single‐shot probe time event within one optical cycle. However, the single‐shot measurement of time difference beyond optical cycle but less than time‐lens’ resolution is still inaccessible. Herein, a technique, the dispersive temporal interferometer (DTI), to break through the gap between interferometer and time lens on single‐shot time measurement, is reported. The concept is an analogy to the spatial interference: a pulse passes two paths to assemble into a pulse pair, and temporal interference arises after large dispersion, which can single‐shot record the imposed time change. Experimentally, it is measured that its resolution is sub‐20 as (0.004 optical cycle) over a range of larger than 2 ps (400 optical cycle), with a range‐to‐resolution ratio of 105and sampling rate of 42.8 MHz. Moreover, a DTI‐based gyroscope with sensitivity of 348 as/(deg s−1) is fabricated to demonstrate its applications in optical sensors. This technique can precisely single‐shot monitor ultrashort time change in attosecond resolution and has a prosperous application prospect in capturing ultrafast process.