Quantitative evaluation of strategies for erosion control on a railway embankment batter
Quantitative evaluation of strategies for erosion control on a railway embankment batter
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铁路路基面侵蚀控制策略的定量评价
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
N. Ashwath
中科院分区：
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作者：
Y. Gyasi‐Agyei;J. Sibley;N. Ashwath
本文对铁路路堤边坡的防冲措施进行了定量评价。这些战略的重点是控制（“什么都不做”的治疗），草播种，石膏的应用，黄麻垫（侵蚀控制毯）的放置和种植绿篱的Monto香根草。1998年和1999年期间，在10米宽的路堤面糊地块上以1分钟的间隔监测降雨和径流。总推移质和悬浮泥沙侵蚀的地块也进行了测量，但只有一组风暴事件的采样间隔内。已经证明，香根草在控制昆士兰州中部地区铁路路基侵蚀方面不具有成本效益。与对照处理相比，单独播种可使侵蚀率降低60%。在播种前向缺钙土壤中施用石膏可使侵蚀率额外降低25%。这主要是由于在播种后7个月内建立了100%的草覆盖。因此，对于铁路路堤坡面侵蚀控制，重点需要迅速建立100%的草覆盖。为了快速建立草覆盖，灌溉是必要的，在生长的初始阶段，降雨量是不可预测的，潜在的蒸发超过降雨量在研究区域。种子和肥料在种植阶段被短时间和高强度降雨冲掉的风险可以通过在压条部分使用侵蚀控制毯来降低。一些地块上的草意外燃烧造成了严重的侵蚀问题，导致草生长的恢复非常缓慢。因此，建议应避免在铁路垫料上控制燃烧草，以保护垫料免受严重侵蚀。版权所有© 2001约翰威利父子有限公司。
Strategies for erosion control on a railway embankment batter (side slope) are quantitatively evaluated in this paper. The strategies were centred on control (‘do nothing’ treatment), grass seeding, gypsum application, jute mat (an erosion control blanket) placement and planting hedgerows of Monto vetiver grass. Rainfall and runoff were monitored at 1 min intervals on 10 m wide embankment batter plots during 1998 and 1999. Total bedload and suspended sediment eroded from the plots were also measured but only for a group of storm events within sampling intervals. It has been demonstrated that vetiver grass is not cost‐effective in controlling erosion on railway batters within Central Queensland region. Seeding alone could cause 60% reduction in the erosion rate compared with the control treatment. Applying gypsum to the calcium‐deficient soil before seeding yielded an additional 25% reduction in the erosion rate. This is the result, primarily, of 100% grass cover establishment within seven months of sowing. Therefore, for railway embankment batter erosion control, the emphasis needs to be on rapid establishment of 100% grass cover. For rapid establishment of grass cover, irrigation is necessary during the initial stages of growth as the rainfall is unpredictable and the potential evaporation exceeds rainfall in the study region. The risk of seeds and fertilizers being washed out by short‐duration and high‐intensity rainfall events during the establishment phase may be reduced by the use of erosion control blankets on sections of the batters. Accidental burning of grasses on some plots caused serious erosion problems, resulting in very slow recovery of grass growth. It is therefore recommended that controlled burning of grasses on railway batters should be avoided to protect batters from being exposed to severe erosion. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.