The Ethics of De-Extinction
The Ethics of De-Extinction
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DOI：
10.1007/s11569-014-0201-2
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发表时间：
2014-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Cohen, Shlomo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cohen, Shlomo
“去灭绝”是指通过基因方法复活灭绝物种的过程。这个听起来像科幻小说的想法实际上已经处于科学实施的早期过程中。虽然最近的“死者复活”引发了深刻的伦理问题，但“去灭绝”的伦理学几乎没有得到哲学上的处理。而不是寻求一个判决或反对去灭绝，本文试图概述和一些主要的伦理考虑新颖的分析。本文探讨了“去灭绝“伦理学的五个维度：（a）”去灭绝“对促进生态价值的可能贡献;（B）”去灭绝“是我们灭绝的物种的义务论论证;（c）通过”去灭绝“扮演上帝的问题;（d）功利主义视角;（e）审美考量在”去灭绝“伦理学中的作用。论文讨论的一个普遍特点是，由于“去灭绝”的特殊性，它反复考验着我们伦理观念的限度。
"de-extinction" refers to the process of resurrecting extinct species by genetic methods. This science-fiction-sounding idea is in fact already in early processes of scientific implementation. Although this recent "revival of the dead" raises deep ethical questions, the ethics of de-extinction has barely received philosophical treatment. Rather than seeking a verdict for or against de-extinction, this paper attempts an overview and some novel analyses of the main ethical considerations. Five dimensions of the ethics of de-extinction are explored: (a) the possible contribution of de-extinction to promoting ecological values, (b) the deontological argument that we owe de-extinction to species we rendered extinct, (c) the question of "playing God" through de-extinction, (d) the utilitarian perspective, and (e) the role of aesthetic considerations in the ethics of de-extinction. A general feature arising from the paper's discussion is that, due to de-extinction's special character, it repeatedly tests the limits of our ethical notions.