Loggers, development agents and the exercise of power in Amazonia.
Loggers, development agents and the exercise of power in Amazonia.
复制标题
亚马逊流域的伐木者、开发代理人和权力的行使。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-7660.2009.01570.x
复制
发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
B. Campbell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Medina;B. Pokorny;B. Campbell
许多人认为，亚马逊社区可以通过自治的森林管理办法，从日益增长的木材市场中获益。然而，由于伐木边界的特点是与伐木者进行非正式谈判，以及发展代理人推动的社区林业倡议，人们对社区如何制定这种办法没有明确的认识。本文报告了在玻利维亚、巴西和秘鲁的四个研究领域的研究，这些研究表明，外部参与者对社区行使相当大的权力。第一，伐木者和发展代理人将森林管理计划直接强加给社区，阻碍他们制定自己的方法。其次，与伐木者和发展代理人的家长式关系使社区无法确定共同利益并通过其代表组织表达这些利益。最后，伐木者和发展代理人使用强有力的话语来塑造可接受的森林管理计划，在辩论中压制社区的声音。通过这些不同的权力机制，外部代理人阻挠自治社区管理办法的出现。
Many believe that Amazonian communities could benefit from the growing market for timber through self-governed approaches to forest management. However, there is no clear understanding of how communities are to develop such approaches given logging frontiers that are characterized by informal negotiations with loggers and community forestry initiatives that are promoted by development agents. This article reports on research from four study areas in Bolivia, Brazil and Peru which reveals that external players exercise considerable power over communities. First, loggers and development agents impose forest management schemes directly on communities, hindering them from developing their own approaches. Second, paternalistic relationships with loggers and development agents prevent communities from identifying common interests and expressing these through their representative organizations. Finally, loggers and development agents use powerful discourses to shape acceptable schemes in forest management, silencing communities’ voices in debates. Through these different power mechanisms, external agents thwart the emergence of self-governed community management approaches.