ABNORMALITIES OF THE CORPUS-CALLOSUM IN CHILDREN PRENATALLY EXPOSED TO ALCOHOL
ABNORMALITIES OF THE CORPUS-CALLOSUM IN CHILDREN PRENATALLY EXPOSED TO ALCOHOL
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.1995.tb01600.x
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发表时间：
1995-10-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
JONES, KL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
RILEY, EP;MATTSON, SN;JONES, KL
20年来，人们已经知道胎儿酒精综合征（FAS）与大脑发育异常有关，早期尸检研究指出胼胝体是受重度酒精暴露影响的一个区域，然而，对围产期存活的酒精暴露儿童的大脑完整性知之甚少，这项研究旨在评估出生前暴露于高剂量酒精的存活儿童的胼胝体，13名有产前酒精暴露史的儿童和12名正常对照儿童使用磁共振成像进行了评估，使用正中矢状面，使用计算机辅助测量技术测量胼胝体面积的图像，除了总面积外，每个胼胝体还确定了五个等角区域。在评估的13名酒精暴露儿童中，有两名胼胝体发育不全，其余酒精暴露儿童的胼胝体总面积明显较小，与正常对照组儿童相比，五个胼胝体区域中有四个区域的面积较小。重要的是，当校正大脑大小时，酒精暴露儿童的五个胼胝体区域中有三个仍然较小，尽管胼胝体的总面积不再有显著差异。这些结果表明，产前暴露于高水平的酒精与胼胝体的异常有关，他们证实了FAS儿童的胼胝体发育不全，这在以前只在尸检报告中提到，目前的研究结果进一步证明了子宫内酒精暴露后胼胝体某些区域的面积选择性减少，扩展了我们目前对酒精对大脑发育的致畸作用的理解，也有一些迹象表明，胼胝体区域的选择性减少与注意力缺陷障碍的报告相似。
For 20 years, it has been known that fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is associated with abnormal brain development, Early autopsy studies point to the corpus callosum as one area affected by heavy alcohol exposure, Little is known, however, about the integrity of the brain in alcohol-exposed children who survive the perinatal period, This study was designed to assess the corpus callosum in living children exposed to high doses of alcohol prenatally, Thirteen children with histories of significant prenatal alcohol exposure and 12 normal control children were evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging, Using the midsagittal section, images were measured for the area of the corpus callosum using a computer-assisted measurement technique, In addition to the overall area, five equiangular regions were determined for each corpus callosum, Of the 13 alcohol-exposed children assessed, two had agenesis of the corpus callosum, The remaining alcohol-exposed children had significantly smaller overall callosal areas, as well as smaller regional areas of four of the five callosal regions, when compared with the normal control children, Importantly, when corrected for brain size, three of the five callosal regions were still smaller in the alcohol-exposed children, although overall area of the corpus callosum was no longer significantly different. These results suggest that prenatal exposure to high levels of alcohol is associated with abnormalities of the corpus callosum, They verify callosal agenesis in children with FAS, which previously had only been noted in autopsy reports, The current findings further document selective reductions in the area of certain regions of the corpus callosum after in utero alcohol exposure, extending our current understanding of alcohol's teratogenic effects on brain development, There is also some indication that the selective reduction in the area of the corpus callosum is similar to that reported in attention deficit disorder.