Measurement of total-body calcium, sodium, chlorine, nitrogen, and phosphorus in man by in vivo neutron activation analysis.
Measurement of total-body calcium, sodium, chlorine, nitrogen, and phosphorus in man by in vivo neutron activation analysis.
复制标题
通过体内中子活化分析测量人体总体钙、钠、氯、氮和磷。
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1971
影响因子：
9.3
通讯作者：
C. Dombrowski
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Cohn;C. Dombrowski
活性反应T，1，衰变方案（nCi）t产率钙、钠、氯、氮和磷的全身水平的测量在正常个体以及具有各种疾病状态的个体中是明显重要的。然而，直到最近，只有两种技术可用于进行这些测量。当然，对整个身体进行化学分析是可能的，但作为一种破坏性的分析，它的实用性有限。放射性同位素示踪技术也可用于Na和Cl等元素的测量，因为示踪剂与元素的可交换池混合迅速而完全。然而，对于Ca、P和N等元素，适当的示踪剂不能与这些元素的主要库迅速混合，因此不能测量全身水平。当当前的研究表明通过体内中子活化进行测量是可行的时，在测定Ca、Na和Cl的全身水平方面取得了重大进展（1 - 4）。此外，活化分析已被证明是一种精确的体内测量人体全身钙的技术（5，6）。最近已经表明，有可能获得不仅可再现而且准确的测量结果，因为可以确定人体中钙的绝对水平（7）。后一种技术的准确性取决于使用具有不变计数响应的先进类型的全身计数器（8）。在本研究中，活化分析用于同时测量人体受试者全身Ca、Na和Cl的绝对水平。这些元素通过表1中列出的n，y反应活化。使用部分慢化的14 MeV中子也会由于与热中子和快中子成分的相互作用而产生其他放射性活度（表1）。针对检查的
activityReaction T,1, Decay scheme (nCi)t Yield$ The measurement of total-body levels of calcium, sodium, chlorine, nitrogen, and phosphorus are of obvious importance in normal individuals as well as those with various disease states. However, until recently there were only two techniques available for making these measurements. Chemical analysis of the total body is possible, of course, but being a destructive type of analysis, it is of limited utility. Radioisotopic tracer techniques have also been use ful in the measurement of elements such as Na and Cl since the tracer mixes rapidly and fairly corn pletely with the exchangeable pools of the element. However, with elements such as Ca, P, and N, the appropriate tracers do not mix rapidly with the major pools of these elernent@,and hence total-body levels cannot be measured. Significant progress in the determination of total body levels of Ca, Na, and Cl was achieved when current research demonstrated that measurements made by in vivo neutron activation are feasible (1—4) . Further, activation analysis has been shown to be a precise technique for the in vivo measurement of whole-body calcium in man (5,6). Recently it has been shown that it is possible to obtain measure ments that are not only reproducible, but also accu rate in that absolute levels of calcium in man can be determined (7). The accuracy developed in this latter technique is dependent on the use of an ad vanced type of whole-body counter with an invari ant counting response (8). In the present study, activation analysis was used for the simultaneous measurement of absolute levels of total-body Ca, Na, and Cl in human subjects. These elements are activated by the n,'y reactions listed in Table 1. Use of partially moderated 14MeV neutrons also results in the production of other activities as a result of interaction with the thermal and fast-neutron components (Table 1). For exam