Nasal coarticulation changes over time in Philadelphia English
Nasal coarticulation changes over time in Philadelphia English
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DOI：
10.1016/j.wocn.2014.09.002
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发表时间：
2014-11-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Tamminga, Meredith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zellou, Georgia;Tamminga, Meredith
本研究考察了费城英语中共发音元音鼻音在真实的和视在时间上随时间的变化。我们测量鼻相邻元音的话从语料库的会话语音，并发现系统的，社区水平的变化，随着时间的推移，在费城的鼻协同发音的程度。具体来说，在所有受访时年龄在25岁以下的说话者中，1950年至1965年出生的人的鼻音总体趋势是增加的，但1965年以后出生的人的鼻音比之前出生的人少;最后，1980年以后出生的人扭转了这种变化，再次朝着更大的鼻音协同发音方向发展。这一发现增加了鼻音的语音尺寸，显然容易受到历时变化的言语社区。鼻协同发音的程度在一个时间段增加协同发音，在不同的时间段减少协同发音的观察增加了越来越多的证据表明，亚音素变异不是普遍确定的，而是表明它是学习和编码的。此外，鼻音的变化是独立于所观察到的频率效应。这些经验模式表明，语言内部因素，如词频，是独立于语言外部因素，如社区水平的语音变化随着时间的推移。(C)2014爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
This study examines change over time in coarticulatory vowel nasality in both real and apparent time in Philadelphia English. We measure nasal-adjacent vowels in words from a corpus of conversational speech and find systematic, community-level changes in degree of nasal coarticulation over time in Philadelphia. Specifically, in all speakers who were under the age of 25 when interviewed, there is an overall trend of increasing nasality in people born between 1950 and 1965, yet people born after 1965 move towards less nasality than speakers born earlier; finally, those born after 1980 reverse this change, moving again toward greater nasal coarticulation. This finding adds nasality to the set of phonetic dimensions that are demonstrably susceptible to diachronic change in a speech community. The observation that the degree of nasal coarticulation changes towards increased coarticulation at one time period and decreased coarticulation at a different time period adds to the growing body of evidence that subphonemic variation is not universally determined, suggesting instead that it is learned and encoded. Furthermore, the changes in nasality are independent from an observed frequency effect. These empirical patterns suggest that language-internal factors, such as lexical frequency, are independent from language external factors, such as community-level phonetic change over time. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.