The Human Gut Microbiome as a Transporter of Antibiotic Resistance Genes between Continents
The Human Gut Microbiome as a Transporter of Antibiotic Resistance Genes between Continents
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DOI：
10.1128/aac.00933-15
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发表时间：
2015-10-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Johanssone, Anders
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bengtsson-Palme, Johan;Angelin, Martin;Johanssone, Anders
以往关于旅行传播抗生素耐药性的研究只针对一些可培养的细菌种类，而忽略了大多数人类微生物组。在这里，我们使用探索性霰弹枪元基因组测序来解决35名瑞典学生在印度半岛或中非交换项目前后的粪便标本中bbbb300抗生素抗性基因的丰度。对所有标本进行增谱β -内酰胺酶（ESBL）产肠杆菌培养，并对分离株进行基因组测序。在旅行前后，肠道微生物群的总体分类多样性和组成保持稳定，但在25/35名学生中，变形菌群的丰度增加。抗生素耐药基因的相对丰度增加，最显著的是对磺胺（增加2.6倍）、甲氧苄氨嘧啶（增加7.7倍）和β -内酰胺（增加2.6倍）的耐药基因。重要的是，观察到的增加发生在没有任何抗生素摄入的情况下。在访问印度半岛的18名学生中，12人感染了产生esbl的大肠杆菌，而从非洲返回的学生中没有人感染。尽管进行了深入的测序工作，但宏基因组学的灵敏度不足以检测到导致观察到的ESBL表型的低丰度基因的获取。总之，从中非或印度半岛交换项目返回的瑞典学生的肠道微生物组的宏基因组测序显示，编码对广泛使用的抗生素的抗性基因的丰度增加。
Previous studies of antibiotic resistance dissemination by travel have, by targeting only a select number of cultivable bacterial species, omitted most of the human microbiome. Here, we used explorative shotgun metagenomic sequencing to address the abundance of >300 antibiotic resistance genes in fecal specimens from 35 Swedish students taken before and after exchange programs on the Indian peninsula or in Central Africa. All specimens were additionally cultured for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing enterobacteria, and the isolates obtained were genome sequenced. The overall taxonomic diversity and composition of the gut microbiome remained stable before and after travel, but there was an increasing abundance of Proteobacteria in 25/35 students. The relative abundance of antibiotic resistance genes increased, most prominently for genes encoding resistance to sulfonamide (2.6-fold increase), trimethoprim (7.7-fold), and beta-lactams (2.6-fold). Importantly, the increase observed occurred without any antibiotic intake. Of 18 students visiting the Indian peninsula, 12 acquired ESBL-producing Escherichia coli, while none returning from Africa were positive. Despite deep sequencing efforts, the sensitivity of metagenomics was not sufficient to detect acquisition of the low-abundant genes responsible for the observed ESBL phenotype. In conclusion, metagenomic sequencing of the intestinal microbiome of Swedish students returning from exchange programs in Central Africa or the Indian peninsula showed increased abundance of genes encoding resistance to widely used antibiotics.