Null hypothesis disrespect in neuropsychology: dangers of alpha and beta errors.
Null hypothesis disrespect in neuropsychology: dangers of alpha and beta errors.
复制标题
零假设对神经心理学的不尊重：阿尔法和贝塔错误的危险。
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1988
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
D. L. Orsini
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Henry V. Soper;Domenic V. Cicchetti;Paul Satz;R. Light;D. L. Orsini
为了理解为什么在大脑半球不对称的研究中有如此多的不一致和矛盾的发现，我们分析了一项300名左撇子的大型研究的数据。这些数据包括信息的家族性左偏（FS），手写姿势（HPO），认知性能的措施，和五个措施的半球专业化。采用计算机模拟的方法，随机抽取40个独立样本，每个样本36 ~ 65人。对样本数据进行了分析，并将结果与母体的结果进行了比较。通常情况下，样本不能很好地反映父母的“人口”，一些程序大大夸大了错误率。这些程序进行了讨论，并提出了具体的指导方针。这些结果也讨论了更广泛的背景下，研究人员在神经心理学的必要性，以区分统计和临床意义的研究结果，并制定一个更积极的态度对设计，执行和出版的复制研究。
To understand why there are so many inconsistencies and contradictory findings among hemispheric-asymmetry studies, data were analyzed from a large study of 300 left-handers. These data included information on familial sinistrality (FS), handwriting posture (HPO), a measure of cognitive performance, and five measures of hemispheric specialization. Using computer simulation methodology, 40 independent samples of 36 to 65 subjects each were drawn randomly with replacement. The sample data were analyzed and the results compared to those of the parent "population." Often, the samples poorly reflected the parent "population," and some procedures substantially inflated error rates. These procedures are discussed and specific guidelines suggested. These results are also discussed in the broader context of the necessity for investigators in neuropsychology to differentiate between the statistical and clinical significance of research findings; and to develop a more positive attitude toward the design, execution, and publication of replication studies.