Adapting to changes in volcanic behaviour: Formal and informal interactions for enhanced risk management at Tungurahua Volcano, Ecuador

Adapting to changes in volcanic behaviour: Formal and informal interactions for enhanced risk management at Tungurahua Volcano, Ecuador
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适应火山行为的变化:厄瓜多尔通古拉瓦火山加强风险管理的正式和非正式互动

DOI:
10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2017.06.002
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发表时间:
2017
期刊:
Global Environmental Change
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Armijos M
Armijos M
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Armijos M

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本文提供了一个例子,说明社区如何能够适应极端形式的环境变化和长期的不确定性。我们分析了科学家,社区和风险管理人员之间的相互作用,并研究了在通古拉瓦,厄瓜多尔的火山喷发长期不确定的科学信息的解释和沟通。此外,还对2006年和2014年的火山爆发进行了详细研究,进一步说明了火山活动加剧期间相互作用的复杂性。我们的研究描述了一个“影子网络”是如何在厄瓜多尔的正式风险管理机构之外发展起来的,但与之互动,改善了应对火山活动加剧的决策。研究结果表明,这种互动促进了火山爆发期间科学咨询反应的重要调整(近实时解释火山灾害)、灾害通信和疏散过程。利益攸关方之间的沟通得到改善,疏散门槛的设立,为通古拉瓦创造了一个独特的有效自愿疏散系统,使人们能够在火山活动加剧和相关的不确定时期继续维持生计。了解影子网络如何最大限度地减少火山活动的负面影响,为提高社会对其他类型灾害的抵御能力提供了宝贵的见解。
This paper provides an example of how communities can adapt to extreme forms of environmental change and uncertainty over the longer term. We analyse the interactions between scientists, communities and risk managers and examine the interpretation and communication of uncertain scientific information during a long-lived volcanic eruption in Tungurahua, Ecuador. This is complemented with a detailed study of the eruptions of 2006 and 2014, which exemplifies the complexity of interactions during periods of heightened volcanic activity. Our study describes how a ‘shadow network’ has developed outside of, but in interaction with, the formal risk management institutions in Ecuador, improving decision-making in response to heightened volcanic activity.The findings suggest that the interactions have facilitated important adaptations in the scientific advisory response during eruptions (near-real-time interpretation of the volcanic hazards), in hazard communication, and in the evacuation processes. Improved communication between stakeholders and the establishment of thresholds for evacuations have created an effective voluntary evacuation system unique to Tungurahua, allowing people to continue to maintain their livelihoods during heightened volcanic activity and associated periods of uncertainty. Understanding how shadow networks act to minimise the negative consequences of volcanic activity provides valuable insights for increasing societal resilience to other types of hazards.
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