A claustrum in reptiles and its role in slow-wave sleep
A claustrum in reptiles and its role in slow-wave sleep
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DOI：
10.1038/s41586-020-1993-6
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发表时间：
2020-02-12
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Laurent, Gilles
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Norimoto, Hiroaki;Fenk, Lorenz A.;Laurent, Gilles
哺乳动物的屏状体，由于其与其他前脑结构的广泛连接，已被假设为调解从决策到意识的功能（1）。在这里，我们报告说，同源的屏状体，确定单细胞转录组学和病毒追踪的连接，也存在于爬行动物-澳大利亚胡子龙Pogona vitticeps。在波戈纳，屏状核是慢波睡眠中尖波产生的基础。尖波与叠加的高频波纹（2）一起传播到整个相邻的苍白球背侧脑室脊（DVR）。屏状核的单侧或双侧病变分别以单侧或双侧方式抑制慢波睡眠期间尖波波纹的产生，但不影响该物种睡眠特征的规则和快速交替的睡眠节律（3）。因此屏状核本身并不参与睡眠节律的产生。追踪显示，爬行动物屏状体广泛投射到各种前脑区域，包括皮质，并且它接收来自其他区域的会聚输入，其中包括已知参与哺乳动物唤醒-睡眠控制的中脑和后脑区域（4-6）。例如，周期性地调节屏状核中5-羟色胺的浓度，会引起屏状核和邻近DVR中产生的尖锐波的匹配调制。使用转录组学方法，我们还确定了一个屏状体的龟Trachemys scripta，蜥蜴的一个遥远的爬行动物亲戚。因此，屏状核是一种古老的结构，可能已经存在于爬行动物和哺乳动物的共同脊椎动物祖先的大脑中。它可能在大脑状态的控制中起重要作用，因为它接受来自中脑和后脑的上行输入，它向前脑的广泛投射以及它在慢波睡眠期间产生尖锐波的作用。爬行动物中存在与哺乳动物屏状体同源的结构，在慢波睡眠期间在大脑中产生尖锐波。
The mammalian claustrum, owing to its widespread connectivity with other forebrain structures, has been hypothesized to mediate functions that range from decision-making to consciousness(1). Here we report that a homologue of the claustrum, identified by single-cell transcriptomics and viral tracing of connectivity, also exists in a reptile-the Australian bearded dragon Pogona vitticeps. In Pogona, the claustrum underlies the generation of sharp waves during slow-wave sleep. The sharp waves, together with superimposed high-frequency ripples(2), propagate to the entire neighbouring pallial dorsal ventricular ridge (DVR). Unilateral or bilateral lesions of the claustrum suppress the production of sharp-wave ripples during slow-wave sleep in a unilateral or bilateral manner, respectively, but do not affect the regular and rapidly alternating sleep rhythm that is characteristic of sleep in this species(3). The claustrum is thus not involved in the generation of the sleep rhythm itself. Tract tracing revealed that the reptilian claustrum projects widely to a variety of forebrain areas, including the cortex, and that it receives converging inputs from, among others, areas of the mid- and hindbrain that are known to be involved in wake-sleep control in mammals(4-6). Periodically modulating the concentration of serotonin in the claustrum, for example, caused a matching modulation of sharp-wave production there and in the neighbouring DVR. Using transcriptomic approaches, we also identified a claustrum in the turtle Trachemys scripta, a distant reptilian relative of lizards. The claustrum is therefore an ancient structure that was probably already present in the brain of the common vertebrate ancestor of reptiles and mammals. It may have an important role in the control of brain states owing to the ascending input it receives from the mid- and hindbrain, its widespread projections to the forebrain and its role in sharp-wave generation during slow-wave sleep.A structure homologous to the mammalian claustrum exists in reptiles and has a role in generating sharp waves in the brain during slow-wave sleep.