Local Emergence and Global Diffusion of Research Technologies: An Exploration of Patterns of Network Formation
Local Emergence and Global Diffusion of Research Technologies: An Exploration of Patterns of Network Formation
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DOI：
10.1002/asi.21509
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发表时间：
2011-05-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rafols, Ismael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Leydesdorff, Loet;Rafols, Ismael
在以知识为基础的全球化经济中，掌握“新兴技术”的成果是许多政府优先计划的目标。我们使用两种新兴技术的出版记录（在科学引文索引中）来研究两种创新轨迹下的扩散机制：小干扰RNA（siRNA）和纳米晶体太阳能电池（NCSC）。分析和可视化地理和认知扩散的方法被指定为不同动态的指标。地理扩散是通过覆盖谷歌地图来说明的；认知扩散使用覆盖映射到基于ISI主题类别的地图。演化中的地理网络表现出优先依附和小世界特征。随着时间的推移，优先依恋的强度逐渐降低，网络逐渐演化为具有小世界特征的寡头垄断控制结构。从学科导向（“模式1”）到迁移导向（“模式2”）研究的转变被认为是解释siRNA和NCSC之间不同扩散速率的关键区别。
Grasping the fruits of "emerging technologies" is an objective of many government priority programs in a knowledge-based and globalizing economy. We use the publication records (in the Science Citation Index) of two emerging technologies to study the mechanisms of diffusion in the case of two innovation trajectories: small interference RNA(siRNA) and nanocrystalline solar cells (NCSC). Methods for analyzing and visualizing geographical and cognitive diffusion are specified as indicators of different dynamics. Geographical diffusion is illustrated with overlays to Google Maps; cognitive diffusion is mapped using an overlay to a map based on the ISI subject categories. The evolving geographical networks show both preferential attachment and small-world characteristics. The strength of preferential attachment decreases over time while the network evolves into an oligopolistic control structure with small-world characteristics. The transition from disciplinary-oriented ("Mode 1") to transfer-oriented ("Mode 2") research is suggested as the crucial difference in explaining the different rates of diffusion between siRNA and NCSC.