THE ACOUSTIC BEHAVIOR OF THE FISH-CATCHING BAT, NOCTILIO-LEPORINUS, DURING PREY CAPTURE
THE ACOUSTIC BEHAVIOR OF THE FISH-CATCHING BAT, NOCTILIO-LEPORINUS, DURING PREY CAPTURE
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DOI：
10.1121/1.398225
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发表时间：
1989-07-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
SUTHERS, RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HARTLEY, DJ;CAMPBELL, KA;SUTHERS, RA
许多蝙蝠在捕捉猎物的过程中会故意改变回声定位的声学参数。由于对球棒和录音麦克风的方向性考虑不足，量化这些变化的尝试要么范围有限，要么可能会出现严重的错误。因此，两个N.记录了兔接近并捕获静止猎物的过程，麦克风的位置使得可以确定入射到目标上的脉冲结构。研究结果表明：（1）在接近的最后1.5m内，N.当距离减半时，兔耳兽的脉冲强度降低6 dB，因此入射到目标上的强度是恒定的;（2）在脉冲序列中对应于回声定位的假设跟踪相位的位置的点处，N。leporinus选择性地降低调频（FM）基波的强度，使得FM脉冲分量主要是二次谐波;以及（3）当N.兔与猎物的距离在0.4米以内。
Many bats change the acoustic parameters of their echolocation calls in a deliberate manner during prey capture. Attempts to quantify these changes have been either of limited scope or subject to potentially severe erros due to an inadequate consideration of the directionality of both the bat and the recording microphone. Therefore, the echolocation pulses emitted by two N. leporinus have been recorded as they approached and captured stationary prey, with the microphone positioned in such a way that the structure of the pulses incident upon the target could be determined. The results of this study show that: (1) during the last 1.5 m of the approach, N. leporinus reduces the intensity of emitted pulses by 6 dB per halving of distance, so that the intensity incident upon the target is constant; (2) at a point in the pulse train that corresponds to the position of the hypothesized tracking phase of echolocation, N. leporinus selectively reduces the intensity of the frequency-modulated (FM) fundamental so that the FM pulse component is predominantly second harmonic; and (3) a high degree of temporal overlap occurs between the FM component of emitted pulse and echo when N. leporinus is within 0.4 m of its prey.