Gonadotropin-releasing hormone effects on placental hormones during gestation: II. Progesterone, estrone, estradiol and estriol.
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone effects on placental hormones during gestation: II. Progesterone, estrone, estradiol and estriol.
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妊娠期间促性腺激素释放激素对胎盘激素的影响：II。
DOI：
10.1095/biolreprod34.2.255
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发表时间：
1986
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Rhode,J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Siler-Khodr,TM;Khodr,GS;Valenzuela,G;Rhode,J
体外实验发现人胎盘组织中孕酮(P)、雌酮（E1）、雌二醇（E2）和雌三醇（E3）的释放与胎盘胎龄有关。P、e1和e2在培养第1天的基础释放量在妊娠早期（9-13周）胎盘中最高。P的释放量随后下降，在15周时达到最低点，并继续保持在该水平。e1和E2的释放在17周时达到最低点，然后再次增加。相反，e3的基础释放量随着胎盘胎龄的增加而增加。因此，不同的因素可能影响胎盘P、E1、e2和e3的产生。此外，还研究了合成促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）对这些激素释放的影响。延长培养后，妊娠16和17周胎盘中GnRH对P的刺激最大，此时P的基础释放量有所下降。在培养的第8天观察到高达240倍的增长。在胎盘培养中也观察到P的大刺激（32倍）。在培养的最初几天和妊娠中期胎盘培养（16-17周）中观察到GnRH对e1和e2的刺激。在13-15周和足月也观察到仅e2的刺激。在某些个体胎盘中观察到e3的刺激。P和人绒毛膜促性腺激素（hCG）对GnRH刺激的反应相关，以及雌激素和GnRH刺激hCG的负相关。这些数据表明，胎盘的类固醇生成能力随着胎龄的不同而不同，GnRH可以影响类固醇的释放。对GnRH的反应程度和模式随胎盘的胎龄及其内分泌环境而变化。
The release of progesterone (P), estrone (E1), estradiol (E2) and estriol (E3) from human placental tissue in vitro was found to be related to the gestational age of the placenta. The basal release of P, E1and E2on Day 1 of culture was highest from placentas of early gestation (9–13 wk). The release of P then declined, reaching a nadir by 15 wk, and continued at that level. The release of E1and E2, reached a nadir at 17 weeks, and then again increased by term. In contrast, the basal release of E3increased with increasing gestational age of the placenta. Thus, it appears that differing factors may influence placental P, E1, E2and E3production. In addition, the effect of synthetic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) on these hormonal releases was studied. The stimulation of P by GnRH was greatest in placentas of 16 and 17 wk of gestation after extended culture when the basal release of P had declined. As much as a 240-fold increase was observed on the eighth day of culture. A large stimulation of P (32-fold) was also observed in the term placental cultures. A stimulation of E1and E2by GnRH was observed during the initial days of culture and in mid-gestational placental cultures (16–17 wk). A stimulation of E2only was also observed at 13–15 wk and at term. A stimulation of E3was observed in certain individual placentas. A correlation of the P and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) response to GnRH stimulation was noted, as well as an inverse relation of estrogens and hCG stimulation by GnRH.These data demonstrate that steroidogenic competence of the placenta differs with gestational age and that GnRH can influence steroid release. The degree and pattern of response to GnRH varied with the gestational age of the placenta and its endocrine milieu.