Anticipation in squash: Differences in advance cue utilization between expert and novice players
Anticipation in squash: Differences in advance cue utilization between expert and novice players
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DOI：
10.1080/02640419008732128
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发表时间：
1990-01-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Abernethy, Bruce
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abernethy, Bruce
使用电影任务的发生时间和空间位置的提前线索，用于预期的方向和力量的对手的击球在壁球进行了检查。这项任务，旨在模拟正常的知觉显示的防守球员，包括两个离散的部分，每个部分包含160个单独的中风序列（试验）。在电影任务的第一部分中，显示器在对手击球的整个发展过程中以不同的时间间隔被遮挡，16名专家和20名新手受试者必须预测对手击球的方向（下墙或交叉球场）和力量（驱动器或吊球）。在电影任务的第二部分中，通过在电影表面上放置不透明的垫子来遮挡对所选择的提前提示的可见性。在所有的电影任务条件下，专家在根据现有信息预测事件结果方面上级新手，突出了预期技能对这项运动中专家表现的重要贡献。横向（方向）错误的分析表明，最关键的时间段提取有关击球方向的信息是160-80毫秒之间的时期球拍球接触之前和接触后至少80毫秒出现的延长球飞行的时期。虽然两组人都对这种球的飞行信息很熟悉，但只有专家才能从对手的早期动作中获得信息。这个早期的信息似乎是由对方球员的手臂动作提供的。相似的时间段也被发现是重要的中风深度的预测，但在这种情况下，专家和新手在他们的线索依赖性相似。
The time of occurrence and spatial location of the advance cues used to anticipate the direction and force of an opponent's stroke in squash were examined using a film task. This task, designed to simulate the normal perceptual display of the defensive player, consisted of two discrete parts, each containing 160 individual stroke sequences (trials). In the first part of the film task, the display was occluded at different time intervals throughout the development of the opponent's stroke and the 16 expert and 20 novice subjects had to predict both the direction (down-wall or cross-court) and force (drive or drop shot) of the opponent's stroke. In the second part of the film task, visibility to selected advance cues was occluded by placing opaque mats on the film surface. Across all of the film task conditions experts were superior to novices in predicting the event outcome from the information available, highlighting the important contribution anticipatory skills make to expert performance in this sport. Analysis of lateral (direction) error showed that the most critical time periods for extracting information about stroke direction are the periods between 160-80 ms prior to racket-ball contact and the period of extended ball flight arising at least 80 ms after contact. Whereas both groups were attuned to this ball flight information, only the experts were capable of picking up information from the early part of the opponent's actions. This early information appeared to be provided by the opposing player's arm action. Similar time periods were found to be also important for the prediction of stroke depth, but in this case both experts and novices were similar in their cue dependence.