The Stereotypical Computer Scientist: Gendered Media Representations as a Barrier to Inclusion for Women
The Stereotypical Computer Scientist: Gendered Media Representations as a Barrier to Inclusion for Women
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DOI：
10.1007/s11199-013-0296-x
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发表时间：
2013-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Hudson, Lauren
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cheryan, Sapna;Plaut, Victoria C.;Hudson, Lauren
本研究探讨了大学生对计算机科学专业人员的刻板印象，以及利用媒体改变这些刻板印象是否会影响女性对计算机科学的兴趣。在研究 1 中，美国西海岸两所大学的大学生（N = 293）提供了对计算机科学专业的描述。对这些描述进行编码后发现，计算机科学家被认为具有与女性性别角色不相容的特质，如缺乏人际交往技能和只专注于计算机。在研究 2 中，美国西海岸两所大学的大学生（N = 54）阅读了报纸上关于计算机科学家的杜撰文章，这些文章要么描述计算机科学家符合当前的刻板印象，要么描述他们不再符合这些刻板印象。读到计算机科学家不再符合刻板印象的女性比读到计算机科学家符合刻板印象的女性对计算机科学更感兴趣。相比之下，男性对计算机科学的兴趣在不同文章中并无差异。综上所述，这些研究表明，对学术领域的刻板印象会影响哪些人选择进入这些领域，而通过媒体改变对计算机科学家的描述，将有利于吸引更多女性进入计算机科学领域。
The present research examines undergraduates' stereotypes of the people in computer science, and whether changing these stereotypes using the media can influence women's interest in computer science. In Study 1, college students at two U.S. West Coast universities (N = 293) provided descriptions of computer science majors. Coding these descriptions revealed that computer scientists were perceived as having traits that are incompatible with the female gender role, such as lacking interpersonal skills and being singularly focused on computers. In Study 2, college students at two U.S. West Coast universities (N = 54) read fabricated newspaper articles about computer scientists that either described them as fitting the current stereotypes or no longer fitting these stereotypes. Women who read that computer scientists no longer fit the stereotypes expressed more interest in computer science than those who read that computer scientists fit the stereotypes. In contrast, men's interest in computer science did not differ across articles. Taken together, these studies suggest that stereotypes of academic fields influence who chooses to participate in these fields, and that recruiting efforts to draw more women into computer science would benefit from media efforts that alter how computer scientists are depicted.