Digitalizing the Circular Economy
Digitalizing the Circular Economy
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循环经济数字化
DOI：
10.1007/s11663-016-0735-5
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Reuter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Reuter
冶金是循环经济（CE）的关键推动者，其数字化是冶金物联网（m-IoT）。简而言之：冶金学是CE的核心，因为金属都具有强大的内在回收潜力。过程冶金作为CE的关键推动者，将有助于实现其目标。过程工程的第一性原理模型有助于量化CE系统的资源效率（RE），通过数字化连接所有利益相关者。这提供了经过充分论证和首要原则的环境信息，为纳税消费者社会、政策、立法者和环保主义者提供支持。它提供了资本开支和业务开支预算的详细情况。通过这条路径，可以估计CE，回收及其技术的机会和限制。除了可再生能源的技术经济评价之外，还可以确定可持续性的真正界限。冶金反应器技术和系统的数字化集成，不仅在一个地点，而且通过硬件将全球不同的地点连接起来，是将CE系统描述为动态反馈控制回路的基础，即，m-IoT。正是全球载体冶金加工系统基础设施的连接，最大限度地回收了相关精炼冶金基础设施中的所有次要和技术要素。这将通过以下几个方面来说明：（1）多金属冶金过程的系统优化模型。这些地图将大规模m-IoT系统与原始设备制造商的计算机辅助设计工具相关联，然后通过可再生能源的量化建立回收指数。(2)反应器优化和工业系统解决方案，实现“CE（内）公司-CEC”，实现社会的CE。(3)在智能工厂结构中实时测量矿石和废料属性，与用于初级和次级材料加工的工业提取工艺冶金反应器和工厂的建模、仿真和优化相关联。(4)通过应用人工智能技术和计算机辅助工程等，对工业冶金系统、流程和反应器进行大数据分析和过程控制。(5)矿物加工和工艺冶金理论、技术、模拟和分析工具，这些都是CE的关键推动因素。(6)以消费者和公众可以理解的形式可视化用于估计CE系统的RE的所有工具的结果。(7)将量化可再生能源并提供可持续解决方案的工具和方法进行智能集成，在本文中称为循环经济工程。鉴于空间的限制，这一信息将通过各种出版物以及学生和同事进行着色，指的是（通常是商业）软件，该软件作为一种渠道，用于捕获和正式化杰出冶金工程师和研究人员在文献中的大量工作的研究，并在创新的工业解决方案中实现。作者谦卑地站在这些发展及其杰出开发人员的肩膀上。这篇获奖演讲文章也含蓄地提到了在Ausmelt（澳大利亚），Outotec（芬兰和澳大利亚），Mintek（南非）和Anglo American Corporation（南非）工作时所做的工作，以表彰作者多年来与之合作的许多同事。
Metallurgy is a key enabler of a circular economy (CE), its digitalization is the metallurgical Internet of Things (m-IoT). In short: Metallurgy is at the heart of a CE, as metals all have strong intrinsic recycling potentials. Process metallurgy, as a key enabler for a CE, will help much to deliver its goals. The first-principles models of process engineering help quantify the resource efficiency (RE) of the CE system, connecting all stakeholders via digitalization. This provides well-argued and first-principles environmental information to empower a tax paying consumer society, policy, legislators, and environmentalists. It provides the details of capital expenditure and operational expenditure estimates. Through this path, the opportunities and limits of a CE, recycling, and its technology can be estimated. The true boundaries of sustainability can be determined in addition to the techno-economic evaluation of RE. The integration of metallurgical reactor technology and systems digitally, not only on one site but linking different sites globally via hardware, is the basis for describing CE systems as dynamic feedback control loops, i.e., the m-IoT. It is the linkage of the global carrier metallurgical processing system infrastructure that maximizes the recovery of all minor and technology elements in its associated refining metallurgical infrastructure. This will be illustrated through the following: (1) System optimization models for multimetal metallurgical processing. These map large-scale m-IoT systems linked to computer-aided design tools of the original equipment manufacturers and then establish a recycling index through the quantification of RE. (2) Reactor optimization and industrial system solutions to realize the “CE (within a) Corporation—CEC,” realizing the CE of society. (3) Real-time measurement of ore and scrap properties in intelligent plant structures, linked to the modeling, simulation, and optimization of industrial extractive process metallurgical reactors and plants for both primary and secondary materials processing. (4) Big-data analysis and process control of industrial metallurgical systems, processes, and reactors by the application of, among others, artificial intelligence techniques and computer-aided engineering. (5) Minerals processing and process metallurgical theory, technology, simulation, and analytical tools, which are all key enablers of the CE. (6) Visualizing the results of all the tools used for estimating the RE of the CE system in a form that the consumer and general public can understand. (7) The smart integration of tools and methods that quantify RE and deliver sustainable solutions, named in this article as circular economy engineering. In view of space limitations, this message will be colored in by various publications also with students and colleagues, referring to (often commercial) software that acts as a conduit to capture and formalize the research of the large body of work in the literature by distinguished metallurgical engineers and researchers and realized in innovative industrial solutions. The author stands humbly on the shoulders of these developments and their distinguished developers. This award lecture article implicitly also refers to work done while working for Ausmelt (Australia), Outotec (Finland and Australia), Mintek (South Africa), and Anglo American Corporation (South Africa), honoring the many colleagues the author has worked with over the years.