Feasibility of employing a smartphone as the payload in a photogrammetric UAV system
Feasibility of employing a smartphone as the payload in a photogrammetric UAV system
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DOI：
10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2013.02.001
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发表时间：
2013-05-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Choi, Chuluong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kim, Jinsoo;Lee, Seongkyu;Choi, Chuluong
智能手机可以在任何时间或地点在3G网络环境中操作，而且它们的成本也低于现有的摄影测量无人机系统，可以从各种内置传感器提供高分辨率图像和3D位置和姿态数据。本研究旨在评估使用智能手机作为摄影测量无人机系统的有效载荷的可行性。为了进行评估，开发了一种基于智能手机的摄影测量无人机系统，并利用该系统在静态和动态条件下获取图像、位置和姿态数据。然后对该系统获取和发送的位置和姿态数据的精度进行了评估。通过图像三角测量将智能手机图像转换为正射图像，该图像三角测量在考虑和不考虑由相机校准确定的内部取向（IO）参数的情况下进行。在静态实验中，当考虑10个参数时，所有智能手机类型的三角测量结果均小于1.28像素（RMSE），与不考虑10个参数时的情况相比，至少提高了47%。另一方面，在动态实验中，智能手机图像三角测量的精度通过考虑10个参数没有显著提高。这是因为智能手机内置的互补金属氧化物半导体（CMOS）传感器内的电子卷帘快门和音圈电机（VCM）型自动对焦的致动器受到无人机振动和速度的影响，这可能对基于图像的数字高程模型（DEM）生成产生负面影响。然而，考虑到这些结果是使用单个智能手机获得的，这表明智能手机不仅可以作为摄影测量UAV系统的有效载荷，而且在安装在现有UAV系统中时也可以发挥有用的作用。(C)2013年国际摄影测量与遥感学会（ISRS）由Elsevier B.V.发布保留所有权利。
Smartphones can be operated in a 3G network environment at any time or location, and they also cost less than existing photogrammetric UAV systems, providing high-resolution images and 3D location and attitude data from a variety of built-in sensors. This study aims to assess the feasibility of using a smartphone as the payload for a photogrammetric UAV system. To carry out the assessment, a smartphone-based photogrammetric UAV system was developed and utilized to obtain image, location, and attitude data under both static and dynamic conditions. The accuracy of the location and attitude data obtained and sent by this system was then evaluated. The smartphone images were converted into ortho-images via image triangulation, which was carried out both with and without consideration of the interior orientation (IO) parameters determined by camera calibration. In the static experiment, when the 10 parameters were taken into account, the triangulation results were less than 1.28 pixels (RMSE) for all smartphone types, an improvement of at least 47% compared with the case when 10 parameters were not taken into account. In the dynamic experiment, on the other hand, the accuracy of smartphone image triangulation was not significantly improved by considering 10 parameters. This was because the electronic rolling shutter within the complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) sensor built into the smartphone and the actuator for the voice coil motor (VCM)-type auto-focusing affected by the vibration and the speed of the UAV, which is likely to have a negative effect on image-based digital elevation model (DEM) generation. However, considering that these results were obtained using a single smartphone, this suggests that a smartphone is not only feasible as the payload for a photogrammetric UAV system but it may also play a useful role when installed in existing UAV systems. (C) 2013 International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Inc. (ISPRS) Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.