Confidentiality in medical practice.
Confidentiality in medical practice.
复制标题
医疗实践中的保密。
DOI：
10.1146/annurev.me.28.020177.000355
复制
发表时间：
1977
影响因子：
10.5
通讯作者：
M. Grossman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Grossman
是希腊人挑起的！公元前4世纪及之后的许多医学概念都归功于希波克拉底。有些是希波克拉底学派的追随者的产物。希波克拉底誓言本质上是毕达哥拉斯学派的道德准则。他们颁布了严格的社会和道德伦理准则，以回应他们的社会和其他医疗团体不太关心的标准。更有纪律的态度，推断出当时不那么严格的做法，表明在公元前4世纪，医生们并没有超越八卦，并向那些不关心病人的接受者透露他们对病人的了解。希波克拉底誓言还要求医生不得将有毒药物给那些要求此类药物的人。虽然埃德尔斯坦推断其意图是预防自杀(1)，但语言也表明，接受毒药的人可能打算将其施用于其他人。“毒笔”材料的概念在适用于保密方面并不牵强。在20世纪的最后25年。我们对医生八卦和向他人泄露医疗信息的担忧仍然存在。目前，医疗保健涉及许多辅助专业人员提供保健服务。他们需要获得这些医疗信息社会态度发生了变化——大多是表面上的。两个主要因素没有改变。首先，个人信息对于确定治疗和预防疾病和创伤的卫生保健以及改进整个过程的研究仍然是必要的。其次，一些个人数据可能对患者有害，这取决于谁使用它以及如何使用它。
The Greeks started it! Many medical concepts of the fourth century BC and after were attributed to Hippocrates. Some were products of his followers, with credit given to the Hippocratic school. The Hippocratic oath was essentially a code of ethics credited to the Pythagoreans. They promulgated a strict code of social and moral ethics in reaction to the less concerned standards of their society and of other medical groups (1). The more disciplined attitude, inferring that less rigid practices were current, suggests that during the fourth century BC physicians were not above gossiping and revealing their knowledge about patients to recipients whose concerns were not for the patient. The Hippocratic oath also adjured the physicians against giving poisonous drugs to those requesting s.uch drugs. While Edelstein deduces that the intent was to forestall suicide (I), the language also suggests that the recipients of the poison might intend to administer it to someone else. The concept of "poison pen" material is not too farfetched in application to confidentiality. In the closing quarter of the twentieth century AD. concern about physicians gossiping and releasing medical information to others is still with us. Currently, medical care involves many adjunctive professionals in supplying health services. They need access to this medical information. Social attitudes have changed mostly superficially. Two major factors have not changed. Firstly, personal informa tion is still necessary for determining health care in treatment and prevention of illness and trauma, and for research to improve the whole process. Secondly, some of the personal data can be poisonous to the patient, depending on who uses it and how it is used.