Spontaneous Trait Inferences: Effects of Recognition Instructions and Subliminal Priming on Recognition Performance
Spontaneous Trait Inferences: Effects of Recognition Instructions and Subliminal Priming on Recognition Performance
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自发特质推断：识别指令和潜意识启动对识别性能的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
1991
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. R. D’Agostino
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. R. D’Agostino
在行为描述的编码过程中，自发的特质推理发生了。研究对象研究了描述演员表演某种动作的句子，这些动作暗示了某种人格特质。在外显句中，行为所隐含的特质被明确地陈述，而在内隐句中，行为所隐含的特质没有被陈述。受试者被分配到记忆组或印象形成组。在实验一中，从事实到推理的识别指令的改变提高了印象条件下内隐特质项目的识别准确率，但降低了记忆条件下的准确性。在实验2中，相关特质启动物的阈下呈现降低了内隐特质项目的识别正确率，但仅在印象条件下。这些数据表明，在行为描述的编码过程中，自发的特征推断很少发生。
The hypothesis that spontaneous trait inferences occur during encoding of behavioral descriptions was examined. Subjects studied sentences describing actors performing some action that implied a certain personality trait. For the explicit sentences, the trait implied by the action was explicitly stated, whereas for the implicit sentences, the trait was not stated. Subjects were assigned to either the memory or the impression formation condition. In Experiment I a change from fact to inference recognition instructions increased recognition accuracy for implicit trait items under the impression condition but decreased accuracy under the memory condition. In Experiment 2 subliminal presentation of relevant trait primes decreased recognition accuracy for implicit trait items but only under the impression condition. These data suggest that spontaneous trait inferences occur infrequently if at all during the encoding of behavioral descriptions.