Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia diagnosed by general practitioners in the community
Risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia diagnosed by general practitioners in the community
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DOI：
10.1053/rmed.1999.0743
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发表时间：
2000-05-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Miller, DL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Farr, BM;Woodhead, MA;Miller, DL
本研究的目的是通过对英国诺丁汉29家全科诊所的病例对照研究，确定全科医生在社区诊断的肺炎的危险因素。经放射学证实的肺炎患者与从参加研究的一般做法的集水区相应的选民登记册中随机选择的成年人进行比较。66例病例和489例对照参与。单因素分析的显著危险因素包括年龄、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、充血性心力衰竭和终生吸烟。对这四个变量的多因素logistic回归分析显示，年龄[校正比值比= 2.69（30年递增），95%CI = 1.66-4.35]和慢性阻塞性肺疾病（调整后的比值比= 1.99，95%CI = 1.15-3.45）是独立危险因素，本研究中只有年龄和慢性阻塞性肺病是肺炎的独立危险因素。由于吸烟是慢性阻塞性肺疾病的主要原因，这些数据表明，吸烟是成年人社区获得性肺炎的主要可避免风险因素。
The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for pneumonia diagnosed in the community by general practitioners, using a case control study in 29 general practices in Nottingham, U.K. Patients with radiographically confirmed pneumonia were compared with adults randomly selected from electoral registers corresponding to the catchment areas of the general practices taking part in the study.Sixty-six cases and 489 controls participated. Significant risk factors in univariate analysis included age, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, congestive heart failure and lifetime consumption of cigarettes. Multiple logistic regression analysis of these four variables showed that age [adjusted odds ratio = 2.69 (for 30 year increment), 95%CI = 1.66-4.35] and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (adjusted odds ratio = 1.99, 95%CI = 1.15-3.45) were independent risk factors.Only age and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were independent risk factors for pneumonia in this study. Since cigarette smoking is the major cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, these data suggest that cigarette smoking is the main avoidable risk factor for community-acquired pneumonia in adults.