Beyond the Motor Cortex: Theta Burst Stimulation of the Anterior Midcingulate Cortex
Beyond the Motor Cortex: Theta Burst Stimulation of the Anterior Midcingulate Cortex
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.06.009
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发表时间：
2020-11-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Parikh, Seema
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Baker, Travis E.;Lin, Mei-Heng;Parikh, Seema
背景技术背景：虽然间歇性Theta爆发刺激（iTBS）和连续TBS（cTBS）协议的促进和抑制作用已被充分记录在运动生理学上，TBS协议对前额叶功能的作用仍不清楚。在这里，我们问iTBS或cTBS是否可以差异调制奖励相关的信号在前中扣带皮层（aMCC）方法：在2个实验中，我们使用了机器人辅助经颅磁刺激系统，结合脑电图记录，研究后额叶iTBS和cTBS的奖励积极性，电生理信号被认为是指标的aMCC的敏感性奖励。20名成人（年龄，18 - 28岁）参加了实验1，其中我们使用头皮标志进行TBS靶向，（年龄，18 - 28岁）参加了实验2，在实验2中，我们旨在通过利用皮层厚度图选择个性化的背外侧前额叶皮层目标来提高TBS的有效性。我们证明，前额叶iTBS抑制奖励相关的信号在aMCC（减少奖励积极性），并导致减少反馈后开关的选择。cTBS显示无影响。我们复制并加强了这种效果的奖励积极性，通过针对背外侧前额叶皮层区域显示最大的皮质thickness. CONCLUSIONS：虽然这些结果是不一致的TBS运动皮层的影响，目前的研究结果提供了一种新的经颅磁刺激靶向的方法和规范的见解TBS引起的aMCC兴奋性的变化的幅度和时间过程。通过调节aMCC如何将价值与目标导向行为联系起来，这项研究为了解aMCC功能和治疗aMCC功能障碍开辟了一个令人兴奋的新时代。
BACKGROUND: While the facilitatory and inhibitory effects of intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) and continuous TBS (cTBS) protocols have been well documented on motor physiology, the action of TBS protocols on prefrontal functioning remain unclear. Here we asked whether iTBS or cTBS can differentially modulate rewardrelated signaling in the anterior midcingulate cortex (aMCC).METHODS: Across 2 experiments, we used a robot-assisted transcranial magnetic stimulation system, combined with electroencephalogram recordings, to investigate the aftereffects of prefrontal iTBS and cTBS on the reward positivity, an electrophysiological signal believed to index sensitivity of the aMCC to rewards. Twenty adults (age, 18-28 years) participated in experiment 1 in which we used a scalp landmark for TBS targeting, and 14 adults (age, 18-28 years) participated in experiment 2, in which we aimed to increase TBS effectiveness by utilizing cortical thickness maps to select individualized dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex targets.RESULTS: We demonstrated that prefrontal iTBS suppressed reward-related signaling in the aMCC (reduction in reward positivity) and caused a decrease in postfeedback switch choices. cTBS displayed no effect. We replicated and strengthened this effect on the reward positivity by targeting dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex regions displaying maximal cortical thickness.CONCLUSIONS: While these results are inconsistent with reported TBS effects on motor cortex, the present findings offer a novel transcranial magnetic stimulation targeting approach and normative insights into the magnitude and time course of TBS-induced changes in aMCC excitability. By modulating how the aMCC links value to goal-directed behavior, this research opens an exciting new era of investigative possibilities in the understanding of aMCC function and treatment of aMCC dysfunction.