Sporozoite antigens: biology and immunology of the circumsporozoite protein and thrombospondin-related anonymous protein.
Sporozoite antigens: biology and immunology of the circumsporozoite protein and thrombospondin-related anonymous protein.
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DOI：
10.1159/000058840
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发表时间：
2002
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
P. Sinnis;E. Nardin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Sinnis;E. Nardin
子孢子的生命是细胞入侵的生命：在蚊子中，来自成熟卵囊的子孢子侵入唾液腺。在吸血期间，这些唾液腺子孢子被注射到哺乳动物宿主的皮肤中并迅速侵入肝细胞，从而引发疟疾感染。早期的研究表明，入侵能力和寄生虫运动之间的关联导致了疟原虫和其他顶复门原生生物主动入侵细胞的假设[1，2]。最近的研究结果表明，运动是需要细胞入侵的顶复门寄生虫证实了这一假设[3，4]。当通过电子显微镜观察细胞侵袭时，研究人员观察到寄生虫和宿主细胞之间的初始附着之后是宿主细胞质膜和寄生虫前极之间的紧密结合/紧密连接的形成。然后，疟原虫诱导出一个寄生虫空泡，并向前移动进入空泡[综述见，5]。顶复门的生物体（疟原虫是其中的一员）通过滑行运动移动，这是一种不涉及细胞形状变化的基质依赖性运动形式。据认为，寄生虫运动性是由与底物或细胞表面结合的表面分子通过与细胞内马达连接的后移位引起的[6]。这些生物的入侵阶段都具有结构上的相似性，这是列入的基础。
The sporozoite’s life is a life of cell invasion: in the mosquito, sporozoites from mature oocysts invade salivary glands. During blood feeding, these salivary gland sporozoites are injected into the skin of the mammalian host and rapidly invade hepatocytes, thus initiating malaria infection. Early studies demonstrating an association between invasive capability and parasite motility led to the hypothesis that Plasmodium and other Apicomplexan protists actively invade cells [1, 2]. Recent findings demonstrating that motility is required for cell invasion by Apicomplexan parasites have confirmed this hypothesis [3, 4]. When cell invasion is visualized by electron microscopy, investigators observe that initial attachment between the parasite and the host cell is followed by the formation of a close association/tight junction between the host cell plasma membrane and the anterior pole of parasite. The parasite then induces a parasitophorous vacuole and moves forward into the vacuole [for review see, 5].Organisms of the phylum Apicomplexa, of which Plasmodium is a member, move by gliding motility, a substrate-dependent form of locomotion that does not involve a change in cell shape. It is thought that parasite motility results from posterior translocation, via linkage to an intracellular motor, of surface molecules bound to substrate or cell surface [6]. The invasive stages of these organisms all have structural similarities that are the basis for inclusion in the