Unsteady hydrodynamics of a full-scale tidal turbine operating in large wave conditions

Unsteady hydrodynamics of a full-scale tidal turbine operating in large wave conditions
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大波浪条件下运行的全尺寸潮汐涡轮机的非定常流体动力学

DOI:
10.1016/j.renene.2019.04.123
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
影响因子:
8.7
通讯作者:
Scarlett G
Scarlett G
中科院分区:
工程技术1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Scarlett G

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潮汐涡轮机在高度不稳定的环境中运行,这导致转子的大幅负载波动。这可能导致动态和疲劳故障。因此,准确预测非定常载荷是至关重要的。转子叶片可能经历失速延迟、负载滞后和动态失速。然而,这些效应对全尺寸轴流式涡轮机的重要性尚不清楚。为了调查,我们开发了一个简单的模型,转子的非定常流体动力学,并考虑现场测量的发病流量。我们发现,当转子在大的,但现实的波浪条件下运行时,负载周期是由波,功率和叶片弯矩振荡的一半,其平均值。当气流在叶尖附近保持附着时,在叶根附近发生动态失速,导致局部升力系数与静态值相比有两倍的超调。在最佳叶尖速比下,用我们的模型计算的非定常载荷与简单的准定常近似值之间的差异很小。然而,低于最佳叶尖速度比,动态失速可能发生在大部分叶片上,最大峰值载荷可能是准定常近似预测值的两倍。
Tidal turbines operate in a highly unsteady environment, which causes large-amplitude load fluctuations to the rotor. This can result in dynamic and fatigue failures. Hence, it is critical that the unsteady loads are accurately predicted. A rotor's blade can experience stall delay, load hysteresis and dynamic stall. Yet, the significance of these effects for a full-scale axial-flow turbine are unclear. To investigate, we develop a simple model for the unsteady hydrodynamics of the rotor and consider field measurements of the onset flow. We find that when the rotor operates in large, yet realistic wave conditions, that the load cycle is governed by the waves, and the power and blade bending moments oscillate by half of their mean values. While the flow remains attached near the blade tip, dynamic stall occurs near the blade root, resulting in a twofold overshoot of the local lift coefficient compared to the static value. At the optimal tip-speed ratio, the difference between the unsteady loads computed with our model and a simple quasi-steady approximation is small. However, below the optimal tip-speed ratio, dynamic stall may occur over most of the blade, and the maximum peak loads can be twice those predicted with a quasi-steady approximation.
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DOI: --
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