Recombinant MVA vaccines: dispelling the myths
Recombinant MVA vaccines: dispelling the myths
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DOI：
10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.03.021
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发表时间：
2013-09-06
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Carroll, Miles W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cottingham, Matthew G.;Carroll, Miles W.
艾滋病毒/艾滋病、结核病、疟疾和癌症等疾病是预防性或治疗性疫苗接种的主要目标，但已证明对传统的疫苗设计方法具有部分或全部抗性。基于表达外源抗原的重组病毒载体的新疫苗正在加紧开发用于这些和其他适应症。最先进和最有前途的载体之一是减毒的非复制型痘病毒MVA（改良的安卡拉牛痘病毒），它是唯一成功的天花疫苗的更安全的衍生物。尽管重组MVA能够诱导针对人类转基因抗原的有效体液和细胞免疫应答，特别是当用作异源初免-加强方案的后一个要素时，但偶尔会对这种方法的最终可行性表示怀疑。在这篇综述中，讨论了对重组MVA的五个常见误解，并引用证据表明重组MVA至少具有足够的遗传稳定性、可制造性、安全性和免疫原性（即使面对先前的抗载体免疫），以保证对大规模部署的可行性的合理希望，应具有针对靶病原体的有效保护水平，或对癌症的治疗益处，在疗效试验中得到证实。(C)2013爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Diseases such as HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and cancer are prime targets for prophylactic or therapeutic vaccination, but have proven partially or wholly resistant to traditional approaches to vaccine design. New vaccines based on recombinant viral vectors expressing a foreign antigen are under intense development for these and other indications. One of the most advanced and most promising vectors is the attenuated, non-replicating poxvirus MVA (modified vaccinia virus Ankara), a safer derivative of the uniquely successful smallpox vaccine. Despite the ability of recombinant MVA to induce potent humoral and cellular immune responses against transgenic antigen in humans, especially when used as the latter element of a heterologous prime-boost regimen, doubts are occasionally expressed about the ultimate feasibility of this approach. In this review, five common misconceptions over recombinant MVA are discussed, and evidence is cited to show that recombinant MVA is at least sufficiently genetically stable, manufacturable, safe, and immunogenic (even in the face of prior anti-vector immunity) to warrant reasonable hope over the feasibility of large-scale deployment, should useful levels of protection against target pathogens, or therapeutic benefit for cancer, be demonstrated in efficacy trials. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.