Androgenic anabolic steroid exposure during adolescence: Ramifications for brain development and behavior
Androgenic anabolic steroid exposure during adolescence: Ramifications for brain development and behavior
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DOI：
10.1016/j.yhbeh.2012.12.009
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发表时间：
2013-07-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
McGinnis, Marilyn Y.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cunningham, Rebecca L.;Lumia, Augustus R.;McGinnis, Marilyn Y.
本文是特刊“青春期与青春期”的一部分。青春期是大脑成熟的关键时期，高度依赖性腺性激素。性腺类固醇环境的改变，通过使用合成代谢雄激素类固醇（AAS），已被证明会影响大脑发育和行为。对人类和动物模型的研究表明，青春期暴露于MS会改变正常的脑重塑，包括结构变化和神经递质功能。最常见的行为影响是攻击性的增加。已有证据表明，影响AAS对攻击性表达的影响因素。AAS的化学成分在决定是否表现出攻击性方面起着重要作用，睾酮是最有效的。荷尔蒙背景，环境背景，身体挑衅和感知的威胁，在社会遭遇都被发现会影响侵略和性行为的表达。所有这些因素都指向一种改变的行为状态，包括提高警惕和增强动机，以更好的准备应对社会遭遇。这种MS诱导的状态可被定义为栓塞。证据表明，在发育的这一关键时期使用MS可能会增加适应不良行为沿着神经系统疾病的风险。(C)2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
This article is part of a Special Issue "Puberty and Adolescence".Puberty is a critical period for brain maturation that is highly dependent on gonadal sex hormones. Modifications in the gonadal steroid environment, via the use of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS), have been shown to affect brain development and behavior. Studies in both humans and animal models indicate that MS exposure during adolescence alters normal brain remodeling, including structural changes and neurotransmitter function. The most commonly reported behavioral effect is an increase in aggression. Evidence has been presented to identify factors that influence the effect of AAS on the expression of aggression. The chemical composition of the AAS plays a major role in determining whether aggression is displayed, with testosterone being the most effective. The hormonal context, the environmental context, physical provocation and the perceived threat during the social encounter have all been found to influence the expression of aggression and sexual behavior. All of these factors point toward an altered behavioral state that includes an increased readiness to respond to a social encounter with heightened vigilance and enhanced motivation. This MS-induced state may be defined as emboldenment The evidence suggests that the use of MS during this critical period of development may increase the risk for maladaptive behaviors along with neurological disorders. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.