The parasitic polychaete known as Asetocalamyzas laonicola (Calamyzidae) is in fact the dwarf male of the spionid Scolelepis laonicola (comb. nov.)
The parasitic polychaete known as Asetocalamyzas laonicola (Calamyzidae) is in fact the dwarf male of the spionid Scolelepis laonicola (comb. nov.)
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被称为 Asetocalamyzas laonicola (Calamyzidae) 的寄生多毛类动物实际上是 Spionid Scolelepis laonicola (comb. nov.) 的矮化雄性。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1744-7410.2008.00137.x
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
A. Zhadan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Vortsepneva;A. Tzetlin;G. Purschke;N. Mugue;E. Hass;A. Zhadan
摘要。利用光镜和电镜研究了专性外寄生多毛藻的形态，并用分子方法确定了其分类位置。寄生虫有广泛的体腔，完整的隔膜，发育良好的节段肾，循环系统和消化系统。神经系统还很初级，没有神经节。寄生虫的前部穿透宿主的组织，并进入宿主的体腔。寄生虫与宿主的表皮组织在接触区域高度整合，寄生虫的角质层与宿主的角质层是连续的。寄生虫和宿主的血管可能在融合区交错。寄生物的背侧面对寄主的背侧。所有寄生虫均为雄性，但所有寄主均为雌性。为了阐明该寄生虫在系统中的不确定位置，进行了分子系统研究。寄生虫和宿主的18S rDNA序列几乎相同，表明两者都属于蛛形纲。这些序列与鳞头头甲和白头甲的差异分别为2.7%和0.9%。此外，从3种寄生虫和4个宿主中获得的线粒体COI基因的7个部分序列中，有6个是相同的，在一个宿主-寄生虫对中，COI序列存在1个替换。对其中一对寄主-寄生虫的部分ITS2序列进行了分析，也发现它们相似但不完全相同，其中两个索引在645bp的比对中。我们得出结论，该寄生虫实际上是其同种蛛形雌性宿主的侏儒雄性。因此，老刺甲被转移到刺甲（刺甲科），形成新的组合。
Abstract. The morphology of the obligately ectoparasitic polychaete Asetocalamyzas laonicola was studied by light and electron microscopy, and its taxonomic position was determined using molecular methods. The parasite has an extensive coelomic cavity, complete septae, and well-developed segmental nephridia, circulatory, and digestive systems. The nervous system is rudimentary and without ganglia. The parasite's anterior region penetrates the tissues of the host, and opens into the host's body cavity. The epidermal tissues of the parasite and the host are highly integrated in the area of contact, and the parasite's cuticle is continuous with that of the host. Blood vessels of the parasite and the host may interlace in the fusion zone. The dorsal side of the parasite faces the dorsal side of the host. All parasites were males, but all hosts were females. In order to elucidate the uncertain systematic position of the parasite, molecular systematic studies were conducted. Parasite and host 18S rDNA sequences were virtually identical and revealed that both belong to the spionid cluster. These sequences differed from those of Scolelepis squamata and Scolelepis bonnieri by 2.7% and 0.9%, respectively. In addition, of seven partial sequences of the mitochondrial COI gene obtained from three parasites and four hosts, six were identical, and in one host–parasite pair, COI sequences differed by one substitution. Partial ITS2 sequences from one host–parasite pair were analyzed and also found to be similar but not identical, with two indels in a 645-bp alignment. We conclude that the parasite is in fact a dwarf male of its conspecific spionid female host. Consequently, A. laonicola is transferred to Scolelepis (Spionidae), forming the new combination Scolelepis laonicola.