Non-carcinogenic effects of TCDD in animals
Non-carcinogenic effects of TCDD in animals
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DOI：
10.1080/026520300283351
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发表时间：
2000-04-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Tuomisto, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Birnbaum, LS;Tuomisto, J
暴露于TCDD和相关化学品会对多个物种、组织和发育阶段产生过多的影响。反应范围从相对简单的生化变化到明显的毒性反应，包括致死性。影响范围显示出一些物种差异，但许多影响见于多种野生动物、家养动物和实验室物种，从鱼类到鸟类和哺乳动物。尽管给药剂量可能不同，但无论暴露途径如何，都可以产生相同的反应。身体负荷似乎是最合适的剂量测定。通常归因于TCDD的许多效应与相对较高的闭合度有关。致死性、消瘦、淋巴和性腺萎缩、氯痤疮、肝毒性、成人神经毒性和心脏毒性。已报告多种内分泌和生长因子系统的变化具有组织、性别和年龄依赖性。在多个种属中观察到的最敏感的不良反应似乎是发育，包括对发育中的免疫、神经和生殖系统的影响。在非人类灵长类动物和啮齿类动物中，母体体内负荷在30-80纳克/千克范围内时均观察到了这种影响。对细胞因子表达和代谢酶的生化影响发生在身体负荷下，其在明显不利的发育反应的十倍内。因此，在接近背景人群中存在的身体负荷时，对多种动物的免疫系统、学习和发育中的生殖系统产生影响。
Exposure to TCDD and related chemicals leads to a plethora of effects in multiple species, tissues, and stages of development. Responses range from relatively simple biochemical alterations through overtly toxic responses, including lethality. The spectrum of effects shows some species variability, but many effects are seen multiple wildlife, domestic, and laboratory species, ranging from fish through birds and mammals. The same responses can be generated regardless of rite route of exposure, although the administered dose may vary. The body burden appears to be the most appropriate dosimetric. Many of the effects often attributed to TCDD are associated with relatively high closes. lethality, wasting, lymphoid and gonadal atrophy, chloracne, hepatotoxicity, adult neurotoxicity, and cardiotoxicity. Changes in multiple endocrine and growth factor systems have been reported in a manner which is tissue, sex, and age-dependent. The most sensitive adverse effects observed in multiple species appear to be developmental, including effects on the developing immune, nervous, and reproductive systems. Such effects have been observed at maternal body burdens in the range of 30-80 ng/kg in both non-human primates and rodents. Biochemical effects on cytokine expression and metabolizing enzymes occur at body burdens which are within a factor of ten of the clearly adverse developmental responses. Thus, effects on the immune system, learning, and the developing reproductive system of multiple animals occur at body burdens which are close to those present in the background human population.