Disrupted balance of angiogenic and antiangiogenic signalings in preeclampsia.
Disrupted balance of angiogenic and antiangiogenic signalings in preeclampsia.
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DOI：
10.1155/2011/123717
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Aoki I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Furuya M;Kurasawa K;Nagahama K;Kawachi K;Nozawa A;Takahashi T;Aoki I
胎盘在调节母体状况和胎儿生长的局部循环系统中起着核心作用。在妊娠早期，胎盘发挥侵袭和新生血管的特性，以实现成功的胎盘形成。绒毛外浸润的滋养层细胞取代子宫内膜血管，建立局部血液通路，从母体获得氧气和营养。在后期阶段，胎盘促进绒毛血管生成和血管成熟，这是由血管生成和抗血管生成分子精细控制的。在参与胎盘新生血管形成的各种分子中，血管内皮生长因子受体（VEGFRs）和血管紧张素II受体1型（AT 1）介导母体循环系统和胎儿生长的重要信号通路。VEGFR 1和VEGFR 2分别是胎盘生长因子（PlGF）和VEGF的功能性受体，并且PlGF-VEGFR 1和VEGF-VEGFR 2相互作用在许多先兆子痫患者中被过量的可溶形式的VEGFR 1（也称为sFlt 1）（一种天然PlGF/VEGF拮抗剂）干扰。近年来研究发现，胎盘sFlt 1的过度表达和母体AT 1信号的异常与子痫前期和胎儿宫内生长受限（IUGR）的发病密切相关。在本文中，新生血管的胎盘和病理事件与血管生成和抗血管生成信号之间的平衡破坏先兆子痫进行了讨论。
The placenta plays a central role in governing local circulatory system that mediates maternal condition and fetal growth. In early gestational phases, the placenta exerts properties of invasion and neovascularization for successful placentation. Extravillous invasive trophoblasts replace uterine endometrial vasculature and establish local blood pathway to obtain oxygen and nutrients from the mother. In later phases, the placenta promotes villous angiogenesis and vascular maturation that are finely controlled by angiogenic and antiangiogenic molecules. Among various molecules involved in placental neovascularization, vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) and angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) mediate important signaling pathways for maternal circulatory system and fetal growth. VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 are functional receptors for placental growth factor (PlGF) and VEGF, respectively, and PlGF-VEGFR1 and VEGF-VEGFR2 interactions are disturbed in many preeclamptic patients by excess amount of soluble form of VEGFR1 (also named sFlt1), a natural PlGF/VEGF antagonist. Recent studies have disclosed that excessive sFlt1 production in the placenta and aberrant AT1 signaling in the mother are closely associated with the pathology of preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). In this paper, neovascularization of the placenta and pathological events associated with disrupted balance between angiogenic and antiangiogenic signaling in preeclampsia are discussed.