Effectiveness of BNT162b2 Vaccine against Omicron in Children 5 to 11 Years of Age.
Effectiveness of BNT162b2 Vaccine against Omicron in Children 5 to 11 Years of Age.
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DOI：
10.1056/nejmoa2203209
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发表时间：
2022-08-11
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自2021年11月初首次被发现以来，严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型（SARS-CoV-2）的B.1.1.529（omicron）变异株迅速传播，并取代B.1.617.2（delta）变异株成为许多国家的主要变异株。缺乏关于儿童中Omicron变异体疫苗的实际有效性的数据。在2022年1月21日至2022年4月8日期间进行的一项研究中，当omicron变异迅速传播时，我们分析了新加坡5至11岁儿童的数据。我们评估了所有报告的SARS-CoV-2感染的发生率，（经聚合酶链反应[PCR]检测、快速抗原检测或两者确认）、经PCR检测确认的SARS-CoV-2感染和2019年冠状病毒病未接种疫苗、部分接种疫苗的新冠肺炎相关住院情况（第一剂疫苗接种后≥1天，第二剂疫苗接种后最多6天）和完全接种儿童（第二剂疫苗接种后≥7天）。Poisson回归用于从结果的发生率比估计疫苗有效性。共有255，936名儿童被纳入分析。在未接种疫苗的儿童中，所有报告的SARS-CoV-2感染、PCR证实的SARS-CoV-2感染和Covid-19相关住院的粗发病率分别为3303.5、473.8和30.0/100万人天。在部分接种疫苗的儿童中，疫苗有效率为13.6%（95%置信区间[CI]，11.7至15.5），对所有SARS-CoV-2感染，24.3%（95%CI，19.5至28.9），42.3%（95% CI，24.9至55.7）与COVID-19相关住院;在完全接种疫苗的儿童中，疫苗有效性分别为36.8%（95% CI，35.3 - 38.2）、65.3%（95% CI，62.0 - 68.3）和82.7%（95% CI，74.8 - 88.2）。在omicron变体占主导地位的时期，BNT 162 b2疫苗接种降低了5至11岁儿童的SARS-CoV-2感染和Covid-19相关住院的风险。
Since it was first identified in early November 2021, the B.1.1.529 (omicron) variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread quickly and replaced the B.1.617.2 (delta) variant as the dominant variant in many countries. Data on the real-world effectiveness of vaccines against the omicron variant in children are lacking. In a study conducted from January 21, 2022, through April 8, 2022, when the omicron variant was spreading rapidly, we analyzed data on children in Singapore who were 5 to 11 years of age. We assessed the incidences of all reported SARS-CoV-2 infections (confirmed on polymerase-chain-reaction [PCR] assay, rapid antigen testing, or both), SARS-CoV-2 infections confirmed on PCR assay, and coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19)–related hospitalizations among unvaccinated, partially vaccinated (≥1 day after the first dose of vaccine and up to 6 days after the second dose), and fully vaccinated children (≥7 days after the second dose). Poisson regression was used to estimate vaccine effectiveness from the incidence rate ratio of outcomes. A total of 255,936 children were included in the analysis. Among unvaccinated children, the crude incidence rates of all reported SARS-CoV-2 infections, PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections, and Covid-19–related hospitalizations were 3303.5, 473.8, and 30.0 per 1 million person-days, respectively. Among partially vaccinated children, vaccine effectiveness was 13.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 11.7 to 15.5) against all SARS-CoV-2 infections, 24.3% (95% CI, 19.5 to 28.9) against PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, and 42.3% (95% CI, 24.9 to 55.7) against Covid-19–related hospitalization; in fully vaccinated children, vaccine effectiveness was 36.8% (95% CI, 35.3 to 38.2), 65.3% (95% CI, 62.0 to 68.3), and 82.7% (95% CI, 74.8 to 88.2), respectively. During a period when the omicron variant was predominant, BNT162b2 vaccination reduced the risks of SARS-CoV-2 infection and Covid-19–related hospitalization among children 5 to 11 years of age.