Island Biogeography, the Effects of Taxonomic Effort and the Importance of Island Niche Diversity to Single-Island Endemic Species
Island Biogeography, the Effects of Taxonomic Effort and the Importance of Island Niche Diversity to Single-Island Endemic Species
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DOI：
10.1093/sysbio/syt060
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Cavers, Stephen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gray, Alan;Cavers, Stephen
岛屿地理学理论基本上依赖于测量每个岛屿的物种数量，因此以分类学为基础。然而，作为检验这一理论的一个指标，岛屿物种丰富度（S）随着时间的推移而变化，这取决于分类工作的水平（发现和描述物种的速度）。使用S的衍生物，单岛特有物种丰富度（SIE S）的研究，可能会改变分类的努力。物种数量的减少或增加导致分类修订或增加采样可能有很大的影响SIE S值，因为它们往往小于总S为同一个岛屿。使用简单的地理模型，我们分析了估计SIE S在植物，陆生蜗牛，甲虫和真菌的综合数据集为8个岛屿群，物种积累曲线和应用贝叶斯回归超过5个时间段。解释力不同类群，但面积和岛屿年龄并不总是最好的解释变量，生态位多样性似乎是重要的。随着时间的推移，SIE S的变化水平对不同类群和岛屿群岛之间的模型有不同的影响。结果表明，确定SIE S的分类努力是重要的。然而，由于这往往不能量化，我们建议贝叶斯方法应该是更有用的比频率论方法在评估SIE的岛屿地理学理论。本文从根本上强调了分类学对理论地理学的重要性。
Island biogeography theory is fundamentally reliant on measuring the number of species per island and hence has taxonomy at its foundation. Yet as a metric used in tests of the theory, island species richness (S) has varied with time according to the level of taxonomic effort (a function of the rate of finding and describing species). Studies using a derivative of S, single-island endemic species richness (SIE S), may be prone to change in taxonomic effort. Decreases or increases in species numbers resulting from taxonomic revision or increased sampling are likely to have a large effect on values of SIE S, as they tend to be smaller than total S for the same island. Using simple biogeography models, we analysed estimates of SIE S in plants, land snails, beetles, and fungi from comprehensive data sets for eight island groups, produced species accumulation curves and applied Bayesian regression over five time periods. Explanatory power differed across taxa, but area and island age were not always the best explanatory variables, and niche diversity appeared to be important. Changing levels of SIE S over time had different effects on models with different taxa and between island archipelagos. The results indicated that the taxonomic effort that determines SIE S is important. However, as this cannot often be quantified, we suggest Bayesian approaches should be more useful than frequentist methods in evaluating SIE S in island biogeography theory. Fundamentally, the article highlights the importance of taxonomy to theoretical biogeography.