Performance-based empathy mediates the influence of working memory on social competence in schizophrenia.
Performance-based empathy mediates the influence of working memory on social competence in schizophrenia.
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DOI：
10.1093/schbul/sbt084
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发表时间：
2014-07
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Matthew J. Smith;W. Horan;D. Cobia;Tatiana M. Karpouzian;Jaclyn M. Fox;J. Reilly;H. Breiter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Matthew J. Smith;W. Horan;D. Cobia;Tatiana M. Karpouzian;Jaclyn M. Fox;J. Reilly;H. Breiter
移情缺陷与精神分裂症患者的功能不良有关，但这项工作主要限于自我报告数据。这项研究考察了基于表现的共情测量是否解释了社会能力和社会成就的增量差异，这些差异超出了自我报告的共情、神经认知和临床症状。鉴于工作记忆在共情理论模型和精神分裂症功能预测中的重要性，我们还研究了共情是否在工作记忆和功能之间的关系中起到中介作用。对60名门诊患者和45名健康对照进行了面部情感知觉、情感移情(情感反应)和认知移情(情感视角采择)3个关键成分的绩效测量。参与者还完成了自我报告的同理心、神经认知、临床症状以及社交能力和成就的测量。在3项基于表现的同理心测量中，患者表现出比对照组更低的准确性。在患者中，这些测量与自我报告的同理心的关系很小，但与工作记忆和其他神经认知功能以及症状水平显著相关。此外，认知移情可以解释社交能力的显著增量差异(∆R(2)=0.07，P<；0.05)，并被发现在工作记忆和社交能力之间起中介作用。基于表现的同理心测量对精神分裂症的功能相关障碍很敏感。工作记忆缺陷似乎对同理心的这些干扰有重要影响。移情正在成为社会认知研究和新的以康复为导向的治疗开发的一个有前途的新领域。
Empathic deficits have been linked to poor functioning in schizophrenia, but this work is mostly limited to self-report data. This study examined whether performance-based empathy measures account for incremental variance in social competence and social attainment above and beyond self-reported empathy, neurocognition, and clinical symptoms. Given the importance of working memory in theoretical models of empathy and in the prediction of functioning in schizophrenia, we also examined whether empathy mediates the relationship between working memory and functioning. Sixty outpatients and 45 healthy controls were compared on performance-based measures of 3 key components of empathic responding, including facial affect perception, emotional empathy (affective responsiveness), and cognitive empathy (emotional perspective-taking). Participants also completed measures of self-reported empathy, neurocognition, clinical symptoms, and social competence and attainment. Patients demonstrated lower accuracy than controls across the 3 performance-based empathy measures. Among patients, these measures showed minimal relations to self-reported empathy but significantly correlated with working memory and other neurocognitive functions as well as symptom levels. Furthermore, cognitive empathy explained significant incremental variance in social competence (∆R (2) = .07, P < .05) and was found to mediate the relation between working memory and social competence. Performance-based measures of empathy were sensitive to functionally relevant disturbances in schizophrenia. Working memory deficits appear to have an important effect on these disruptions in empathy. Empathy is emerging as a promising new area for social cognitive research and for novel recovery-oriented treatment development.