Syntaxin 17, an ancient SNARE paralog, plays different and conserved roles in different organisms
Syntaxin 17, an ancient SNARE paralog, plays different and conserved roles in different organisms
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DOI：
10.1242/jcs.258699
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发表时间：
2021-11-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Tagaya, Mitsuo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kato, Shun;Arasaki, Kohei;Tagaya, Mitsuo
哺乳动物突触融合蛋白17（Stx 17）在膜融合以外的过程中具有多种作用，包括线粒体分裂、自噬体形成和脂滴扩张。与传统的突触融合蛋白相比，Stx 17具有长的C-末端疏水区，其具有发夹样结构，两侧是富含碱性氨基酸的C-末端尾部。虽然Stx 17是六个古老的SNARE之一，并且存在于多种真核生物中，但在进化过程中，它已在多个谱系中丢失。在本研究中，我们比较了在HeLa细胞中表达的苍蝇和线虫Stx 17与人Stx 17的定位和功能。我们发现，苍蝇Stx 17主要定位于细胞质和介导自噬，但不是线粒体分裂。另一方面，线虫Stx 17主要存在于线粒体中并促进线粒体分裂，但与自噬无关。这些差异可能是由于C-末端尾部的不同结构所致。苍蝇Stx 17和线虫Stx 17在线粒体分裂和自噬，分别不参与，在个别生物体中被证明。我们的研究结果提供了一个深入了解Stx 17在后生动物的进化。本文有一个相关的第一人称采访的论文的第一作者。
Mammalian syntaxin 17 (Stx17) has several roles in processes other than membrane fusion, including in mitochondrial division, autophagosome formation and lipid droplet expansion. In contrast to conventional syntaxins, Stx17 has a long C-terminal hydrophobic region with a hairpin-like structure flanked by a basic amino acid-enriched C-terminal tail. Although Stx17 is one of the six ancient SNAREs and is present in diverse eukaryotic organisms, it has been lost in multiple lineages during evolution. In the present study, we compared the localization and function of fly and nematode Stx17s expressed in HeLa cells with those of human Stx17. We found that fly Stx17 predominantly localizes to the cytosol and mediates autophagy, but not mitochondrial division. Nematode Stx17, on the other hand, is predominantly present in mitochondria and facilitates mitochondrial division, but is irrelevant to autophagy. These differences are likely due to different structures in the C-terminal tail. Non-participation of fly Stx17 and nematode Stx17 in mitochondrial division and autophagy, respectively, was demonstrated in individual organisms. Our results provide an insight into the evolution of Stx17 in metazoa.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.