Titanium Nanomaterial Removal and Release from Wastewater Treatment Plants
Titanium Nanomaterial Removal and Release from Wastewater Treatment Plants
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DOI:
10.1021/es901102n
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发表时间:
2009-09-01
影响因子:
11.4
通讯作者:
Hristovski, K.
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kiser, M. A.;Westerhoff, P.;Hristovski, K.
Titanium (Ti) occurs naturally in soils and as highly purified titanium dioxide (TiO2) in many commercial products that have been used for decades. We report for the first time the occurrence, characterization, and removal of nano- and larger-sized Ti at wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). At one WWTP studied in detail, raw sewage contained 100 to nearly 3000 mu g Ti/L Ti larger than 0.7 mu m accounted for the majority of the Ti in raw sewage, and this fraction was well removed by WWTP processes. Ti concentrations in effluents from this and several other WWTPs ranged from