In vitro activity of extended-spectrum cephalosporins against Streptococcus pneumoniae strains with reduced susceptibility to penicillin isolated from patients in Portugal between 1995 and 2000.
In vitro activity of extended-spectrum cephalosporins against Streptococcus pneumoniae strains with reduced susceptibility to penicillin isolated from patients in Portugal between 1995 and 2000.
复制标题
1995 年至 2000 年间从葡萄牙患者体内分离出的超广谱头孢菌素对青霉素敏感性降低的肺炎链球菌菌株的体外活性。
DOI：
10.1093/jac/dkf175
复制
发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
C. Carvalho
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Caniça;R. Dias;D. Louro;C. Carvalho
主席先生，由对青霉素敏感性较低的肺炎球菌菌株所引起的严重感染（脑膜炎、肺炎、呼吸道感染）的流行率在全世界日益增加。1因此，第三代头孢菌素头孢噻肟和头孢曲松已成为治疗肺炎球菌感染，特别是脑膜炎的重要药物。然而，已经描述了对这些β-内酰胺类药物表现出高水平耐药性的肺炎球菌菌株，2-4通常与治疗失败相关。此外，在过去几年中，在葡萄牙观察到对这两种药物敏感性降低的菌株。5里斯本国家卫生研究所抗生素耐药性股在1995年1月至2000年12月期间，在一项涉及23个不同实验室的多中心研究中收集了384株青霉素耐药性肺炎链球菌分离株; 105个分离株是侵袭性的，来自血液、脑脊液或胸膜，250个分离株来自呼吸道，29个来源不明。根据NCCLS方案，通过琼脂稀释法测定青霉素（Wyeth Lederle Portugal-Farma，Algés，Portugal）、头孢噻肟（Hoechst Marion Escherosel，Mem Martins，Portugal）和头孢曲松（Roche Pharmaceuticals，Amadora，Portugal）的MIC。6如果青霉素T ab le的MIC 1，则认为分离株为青霉素中间体。对38例4 S患者进行了青霉素、头孢噻肟和头孢噻肟的MIC测定。PNEUUM ON IA E IS OL AT ES WITH R艾德UC艾德S US CEPT IB IL ITIES TO PENIC IL LING
Sir, The prevalence of serious infections (meningitis, pneumonia, respiratory tract infections) caused by strains of pneumococci with reduced susceptibility to penicillin is increasing throughout the world.1 Thus, the third-generation cephalosporins cefotaxime and ceftriaxone have become important drugs in the treatment of pneumococcal infections, particularly in cases of meningitis. However, pneumococcal strains exhibiting high levels of resistance to these β-lactams have been described,2–4 often associated with therapeutic failure. Furthermore, strains with diminished susceptibility to these two drugs have been observed in Portugal in the last few years.5 The Antibiotic Resistance Unit of the National Institute of Health, Lisbon, collected 384 penicillin-resistant isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae between January 1995 and December 2000 during a multicentre study involving 23 different laboratories; 105 of the isolates were invasive, from blood, cerebrospinal fluid or pleura, 250 were isolated from the respiratory tract and 29 were of unknown origin. The MICs of penicillin (Wyeth Lederle Portugal-Farma, Algés, Portugal), cefotaxime (Hoechst Marion Roussel, Mem Martins, Portugal) and ceftriaxone (Roche Pharmaceuticals, Amadora, Portugal) were determined by the agar dilution method, according to NCCLS protocols.6 Isolates were considered to be penicillin intermediate if the MIC of penicillin T ab le 1 . M IC s of p en ic ill in , c ef ot ax im e an d ce ft ri ax on e fo r 38 4 S. p ne um on ia e is ol at es w ith r ed uc ed s us ce pt ib il iti es to p en ic il lin