Dynamics of Radiocesium in Urban River in Fukushima City
Dynamics of Radiocesium in Urban River in Fukushima City
复制标题
福岛市城市河流放射性铯动态
DOI：
10.1007/978-981-16-6799-2_8
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Igarashi Yasunori
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nanba Kenji;Moritaka Shota;Igarashi Yasunori
来自福岛核电站的放射性核素通过河流排放从上游输送到下游。为此，人们在河流上游进行了大量的研究。在这些研究中，发现了137cs易被土壤吸附等特点。同时，对各种河流的研究表明，山区和城市地区河流中137cs的动态差异很大。在这项研究中，我们对流经福岛市的一条城市河流进行了多年的实地观察。本研究的目的是描述城市河流的特征和137cs的命运。原莱河137cs活性浓度在溶解态和颗粒态均呈下降趋势。另一方面，inKd没有明显的时间变化。原井河的标准颗粒冲掉率远高于福岛和切尔诺贝利的结果。归一化的溶解冲刷比比切尔诺贝利低了一个数量级，这表明两者之间的差异是inKd。研究发现，原莱河水温与溶解态137cs活性浓度之间存在显著的相关性。Harai河的标准反应焓为34.7 （kJ/mol）。这个数值比之前报道的要大，这表明137cs被更强的能量保持在悬浮固体中，预计会有进一步的研究。
Radionuclides originating from Fukushima nuclear power plants are transported from upstream to downstream by the river discharge. For this reason, numerous studies have been conducted in the upper reaches of rivers. Among these studies, it has been found that137Cs is easily adsorbed by soil and other characteristics. At the same time, studies on various rivers have shown that the dynamics of137Cs in rivers differs greatly between mountainous and urban areas. In this study, we conducted multiyear field observations of an urban river flowing through Fukushima City. The purpose of this study is to describe the characteristics of urban rivers and the fate of137Cs. The137Cs activity concentration in the Harai River showed a decreasing trend in both the dissolved and particulate forms. On the other hand, there was no clear temporal changes inKd. The normalized particulate wash-off ratio of the Harai River was much higher than that of the results in Fukushima and Chernobyl. The normalized dissolved wash-off ratio was about one order of magnitude lower than that of Chernobyl, suggesting the difference inKd. A significant correlation between water temperature and dissolved137Cs activity concentration in the Harai River was found. The standard reaction enthalpy in the Harai River was estimated to be 34.7 (kJ/mol). This value is larger than previously reported, suggesting that137Cs is held in suspended solids by a stronger energy, and further studies are expected.