Smoking cessation methods among homeless youth in a Midwestern city.
Smoking cessation methods among homeless youth in a Midwestern city.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.abrep.2020.100276
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发表时间：
2020-06-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Nemeth, Julianna M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Glasser, Allison M;Macisco, Joseph M;Nemeth, Julianna M
简介：在美国，无家可归的青少年吸烟人数是普通青少年的近三倍。很少有研究关注如何帮助无家可归的年轻人戒烟。作为一系列研究的一部分，旨在为无家可归的青少年开发戒烟干预措施，本研究旨在描述无家可归的青少年过去戒烟尝试中使用的方法。方法：从美国中西部的一个收容中心招募，分析样本由32名无人陪伴的14-24岁无家可归的年轻人组成，他们在过去一周的某个时间点吸食可燃烟草。采用面对面的质性访谈来了解流浪青少年先前的戒烟尝试经验。结果：22名青少年（69%）愿意在未来30天内戒烟。大多数以前的戒烟尝试都是无人帮助的（78%）。参与者经常报告说，他们参与了分散注意力的行为（例如，电子游戏）或想法（例如，保持积极）。尼古丁替代疗法（NRT）是另一种流行的方法（38%），但大多数是负面反应。虽然不太常见，但据报道，吸电子烟和使用大麻代替香烟的年轻人占很大一部分（28%），主要是18-24岁的年轻人。结论：青少年主要采用非循证策略戒烟。现有的循证治疗往往没有得到充分利用或没有按照说明使用，而使用循证治疗的青年也发现这些治疗并不有用。未来的研究应该探索在无家可归的年轻人中有效的戒烟治疗，最好是在庇护所和收容中心提供。含义：在本研究中，无家可归的青少年没有充分利用现有的循证治疗方法。大多数无家可归的年轻人愿意在下个月戒烟，并对尝试行为咨询和监控NRT的使用感兴趣。收容中心可能是一个有效的地点，可以为无家可归的年轻人开发和提供有针对性的戒烟干预措施。
INTRODUCTION: Nearly three times as many homeless youth smoke cigarettes in the United States (US) compared to the general population of youth. Fewstudieshave focused on how to help homeless youth quit smoking. As part of a series of studies to develop a smoking cessation intervention for homeless youth, this study aimed to describe methods used in past quit attemptsbyhomeless youth.METHODS: Recruited from a drop-in center in the Midwestern US, the analytic sample was comprised of 32unaccompanied homeless youthaged 14-24 who smoked combustible tobacco at some point in the past week.In-person qualitative interviews were conducted to understand prior quit attempt experiences of homeless youth.RESULTS: Twenty-two youth (69%) were willing to quit smoking in the next 30days. Most previous quit attempts were unassisted (78%). Participants frequently reported engaging in distracting behaviors (e.g., video games) or thoughts (e.g.,remaining positive). Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) was another popular method (38%), but with mostly negative reactions. While less common, vaping and use of cannabis to substitute cigarettes was reportedin a notable factionof youth (28%), primarily 18-24years of age.CONCLUSIONS: Youth are primarily engaging in non-evidence-based strategies to quit smoking. Existing evidence-based treatments are often underutilized or not used according to instructions,and youth who do use evidence-based treatments do not find them useful. Future research should explore effective cessation treatment among homeless youth that can ideally be provided at shelters and drop-in centers.IMPLICATIONS: Existing evidence-based treatments are underutilized by homeless youth in this study. Most homeless youth are willing to quit in the next month and are interested in trying behavioral counseling and monitored use of NRT. Drop-in centers may be an effective location from which to develop and offer targeted smoking cessation interventions for homeless youth.