Monetary Accounting of Economic Loss of Sandy Desertification in North China
Monetary Accounting of Economic Loss of Sandy Desertification in North China
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发表时间：
2008
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通讯作者：
W. Tao
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作者：
W. Tao
桑迪化是我国北方土地退化的主要问题，本文通过对我国北方地区桑迪化经济损失的核算，得出以下结论：①沙漠化经济损失约为487.92×108元，已达到第一产业的9.6%。内蒙古自治区荒漠化经济损失最严重，相当于华北十省的53.7%。②内蒙古自治区荒漠化经济损失最高，经济损失第二位的是青海省，占第一产业的23.2%，说明部分地区的农业是以生态退化为代价的。③荒漠化破坏生态平衡，诱发土地退化，华北地区人均经济损失约为140元，内蒙古自治区和青海省分别为812元和222元，沙尘暴对背风坡地区产生了一定的影响，沙尘暴源对背风坡地区造成的经济损失约为50.66×108元，根据谁受益谁负担的原则，桑迪化治理费用应由上风区和下风区共同承担，因此，背风坡地区应通过生态补偿承担10%的防治费用。荒漠化治理的产出存在区域差异，内蒙古自治区和甘肃省的治理投入低于桑迪化损失，应提高治理投入。
Sandy desertification is a main problem of land degradation in North China.In this paper,through accounting the economic loss of sandy esertification in North China,some conclusions are drawn as follows.①The economic loss of desertification is about 487.92×108 Yuan,which has reached 9.6% of Primary Industry.In ten provinces of North China,the economic loss of desertification in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is the most seriously,which is equal to 53.7% of ten provinces of North China.②Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region has the highest economic loss of desertification,which accounts for about 44.5% of Primary Industry.The second economic loss is Qinghai province with the proportion of 23.2% of Primary Industry.This means that the agriculture of some regions took the ecological degradation as price.③Desertification destroys ecological balance,induces land degradation,and rises the poverty.Economic loss per capita in North China is about 140 Yuan.It is 812 Yuan and 222 Yuan in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Qinghai province,up to 27.2% and 10.3% of farmer's net income per capita.④Desertification comes into being some effects to leeward regions through sand-dust moving.The economic loss of leeward regions from source of sandstorm is about 50.66×108 Yuan,which accounts for 65.7% of sandstorm loss and 10% of economic loss of desertification.According to the rule that who benefits who burdens,the fee to control sandy desertification should be paid by windward regions and leeward regions together,so leeward regions should burden 10% of control cost through ecological compensation.⑤Input-output of desertification control has regional difference.Control input is lower than loss of sandy desertification in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Gansu Region,where should improve the control input.