A Noncanonical Tryptophan Analogue Reveals an Active Site Hydrogen Bond Controlling Ferryl Reactivity in a Heme Peroxidase.

A Noncanonical Tryptophan Analogue Reveals an Active Site Hydrogen Bond Controlling Ferryl Reactivity in a Heme Peroxidase.
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DOI:
10.1021/jacsau.1c00145
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发表时间:
2021-07-26
期刊:
影响因子:
8
通讯作者:
Green AP
Green AP
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ortmayer M;Hardy FJ;Quesne MG;Fisher K;Levy C;Heyes DJ;Catlow CRA;de Visser SP;Rigby SEJ;Hay S;Green AP

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大自然利用嵌入在酶活性位点内的高能金属-氧代中间体来进行具有显著选择性的具有挑战性的氧化转化。了解不同的局部金属氧配位环境如何控制中间体的反应性和催化功能是一个长期的目标。然而,直接在活性位点进行结构-活性关系已被证明是具有挑战性的,因为在遗传密码的约束下可实现的氨基酸取代范围有限。在这里,我们使用一个扩展的遗传密码来研究氢键相互作用对铁血红素结构和反应性的影响,通过用S原子替换细胞色素c过氧化物酶活性位点Trp 51的N-H基团。去除单个氢键使CcP W191 F化合物I的卟啉π-阳离子自由基状态稳定。相反,这种修饰导致更碱性和反应性的中性铁酰血红素状态,如在CcP W191 F化合物II和化合物I的野生型铁酰血红素-Trp 191自由基对中发现的。这种增加的反应性表现为对酚类底物的>60倍的活性增加,但对生物氧化还原配偶体cytc的氧化具有显著的可忽略的影响。我们的数据突出了Trp 51如何调整关键铁基中间体的寿命,并与氧化还原活性Trp 191和明确的底物结合位点协同作用,以调节催化功能。更广泛地说,这项工作显示了如何非典型的取代可以促进我们的理解活性位点功能管理金属氧代结构和反应性。
Nature employs high-energy metal-oxo intermediates embedded within enzyme active sites to perform challenging oxidative transformations with remarkable selectivity. Understanding how different local metal-oxo coordination environments control intermediate reactivity and catalytic function is a long-standing objective. However, conducting structure–activity relationships directly in active sites has proven challenging due to the limited range of amino acid substitutions achievable within the constraints of the genetic code. Here, we use an expanded genetic code to examine the impact of hydrogen bonding interactions on ferryl heme structure and reactivity, by replacing the N–H group of the active site Trp51 of cytochrome c peroxidase by an S atom. Removal of a single hydrogen bond stabilizes the porphyrin π-cation radical state of CcP W191F compound I. In contrast, this modification leads to more basic and reactive neutral ferryl heme states, as found in CcP W191F compound II and the wild-type ferryl heme-Trp191 radical pair of compound I. This increased reactivity manifests in a >60-fold activity increase toward phenolic substrates but remarkably has negligible effects on oxidation of the biological redox partner cytc. Our data highlight how Trp51 tunes the lifetimes of key ferryl intermediates and works in synergy with the redox active Trp191 and a well-defined substrate binding site to regulate catalytic function. More broadly, this work shows how noncanonical substitutions can advance our understanding of active site features governing metal-oxo structure and reactivity.
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