"Terminal Investment" and a Sexual Conflict in the Collared Flycatcher (Ficedula albicollis)
"Terminal Investment" and a Sexual Conflict in the Collared Flycatcher (Ficedula albicollis)
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“终端投资”和领鹟（Ficedula albicollis）的性冲突
DOI：
10.1086/285445
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发表时间：
1992
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Moreno
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Part;L. Gustafsson;J. Moreno
当对未来繁殖的期望因衰老而降低时，生活史理论预测，繁殖努力将随着年龄的增长而增加。通过估计繁殖成本是否随着雌性年龄的增加而增加，比较具有相同繁殖物候和相同育雏规模的老年、“衰老”雌性（即≥5岁）和中年雌性（2-3岁）的摄食率和体重损失，并测试摄食率是否与每日能量消耗和雌性雏鸟期间的体重损失相关，在项圈鹟中检验了这一想法。 时期。在老年雌性（≥5岁）中，雏鸟产量与随后的存活率之间存在负相关关系，但在较年轻的年龄组中则不然，这表明繁殖努力随着年龄的增长而增加。此外，与中年雌鸟相比，老年雌鸟在雏鸟期间喂养雏鸟的频率更高，体重减轻也更多。观察到的喂养率与每日能量消耗和体重减轻呈正相关。由于没有证据表明存活到老年的个体在所有年龄段都表现更好，因此结果强烈表明，老年领鹟雌性会增加繁殖努力，但代价是存活到下一年的可能性降低。然而，老年雌性增加繁殖努力的回报似乎很小。我们认为这是两性之间因工作分工而发生冲突的结果，因为年老的雌性通常会与可能有更好未来前景的年轻雄性交配。男性进食率与女性进食率相关的数据支持了这一观点。
When the expectation of future reproduction is reduced by senescence, life-history theory predicts that reproductive effort will increase with increasing age. This idea was examined in the collared flycatcher by estimating whether reproductive costs increase with female age, comparing feeding rates and weight losses of old, "senescent" females (i.e., ≥5 yr old) and middle-aged females (2-3 yr old) with the same breeding phenology and the same brood size, and testing whether feeding rate was correlated with daily energy expenditure and with weight loss of females during the nestling period. There was a negative relationship between fledgling production and subsequent survival among old females (≥5 yr old), but not among younger age classes, which suggests that reproductive effort increases with age. Also, old females fed their nestlings more often and lost more weight during the nestling period than did middle-aged females Observed feeding rates were positively correlated with daily energy expenditure and weight loss. Since there was no evidence that individuals that survived to old ages were better at all ages, the results strongly suggest that old collared flycatcher females increase their reproductive effort at the cost of a decreased probability of surviving to the next year. However, the payoff of the increased reproductive effort of old females seemed to be small. We suggest that this is a consequence of a conflict between the sexes over the division of work, because old females generally are mated to younger males that probably have better future prospects. Data on male feeding rates in relation to female feeding rates support this idea.